Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumy potvrzuj\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 formy \u017eivota, v\u010detn\u011b ur\u010dit\u00e9ho druhu mechu, dok\u00e1\u017eou odolat drsn\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m vesm\u00edru. Tento objev roz\u0161i\u0159uje na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed udr\u017eitelnosti \u017eivota a vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o mo\u017enosti podpory \u017eivota mimo Zemi. <\/p>\n
V\u011bdci z univerzity Hokkaido v Japonsku ve spolupr\u00e1ci s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi kolegy publikovali v\u00fdsledky v iScience<\/em> podrobn\u011b popisuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed mechu Physcomitrium patens<\/em> v simulovan\u00fdch a skute\u010dn\u00fdch vesm\u00edrn\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. Tento mech, kter\u00fd je \u0161iroce roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en v m\u00edrn\u00fdch oblastech Evropy, Severn\u00ed Ameriky a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asie, vykazuje pozoruhodnou odolnost v\u016f\u010di extr\u00e9mn\u00edm teplot\u00e1m, ultrafialov\u00e9mu z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a vakuu \u2013 to v\u0161e p\u0159edstavuje v\u00fdznamnou hrozbu pro pozemsk\u00fd \u017eivot. <\/p>\n Studie porovn\u00e1vala odolnost t\u0159\u00ed f\u00e1z\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu mechu: protonema (mlad\u00e9 stadium), plodov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky (bu\u0148ky reaguj\u00edc\u00ed na stres) a reproduk\u010dn\u00ed spory. Spory trvale vykazovaly nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed m\u00edru p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed<\/strong>, p\u0159ekonaly o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed jak v laboratorn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, tak ve skute\u010dn\u00e9m experimentu na Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 stanici (ISS). <\/p>\n Od b\u0159ezna do prosince 2022 byly v\u00fdtrusy mechu um\u00edst\u011bny na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed platformu ISS, kde byly vystaveny cel\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b drsn\u00fdch vesm\u00edrn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek. Po n\u00e1vratu na Zemi v\u00edce ne\u017e 80 % spor \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vykl\u00ed\u010d\u00ed<\/strong>, kdy\u017e se p\u011bstuj\u00ed v Petriho misce, co\u017e potvrzuje jejich schopnost odolat dlouhodob\u00e9mu vystaven\u00ed vesm\u00edru. <\/p>\n Navzdory vysok\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e kl\u00ed\u010den\u00ed studie zaznamenala m\u00edrn\u00e9 zpomalen\u00ed r\u016fstu ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s kontroln\u00edmi vzorky p\u011bstovan\u00fdmi na Zemi, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed biologick\u00e9 procesy. Mechanismus tohoto p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nezn\u00e1m\u00fd. <\/p>\n Schopnost sp\u00f3r mechu \u2013 a dal\u0161\u00edch organism\u016f, jako jsou tardigrady a n\u011bkter\u00e9 kvetouc\u00ed rostliny \u2013 p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt ve vesm\u00edru je v\u00edc ne\u017e jen v\u011bdeck\u00e1 kuriozita. To zpochyb\u0148uje p\u0159edpoklady o hranic\u00edch \u017eivota a poskytuje vhled do potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch strategi\u00ed pro udr\u017een\u00ed biologick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f v mimozemsk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed. <\/p>\n V\u011bdci v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b studuj\u00ed genetick\u00e9 faktory, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k t\u00e9to rezistenci, zejm\u00e9na roli odolnosti v\u016f\u010di ultrafialov\u00e9mu z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a mechanism\u016fm opravy DNA. Pokud dok\u00e1\u017eeme pochopit, jak se \u017eivot p\u0159izp\u016fsobuje t\u011bmto extr\u00e9mn\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m, mohlo by to otev\u0159\u00edt mo\u017enost roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch s\u00eddel mimo Zemi. <\/p>\n Tento objev potvrzuje, \u017ee pozemsk\u00fd \u017eivot nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u00e1z\u00e1n na Zemi a otev\u00edr\u00e1 dve\u0159e budouc\u00edmu pr\u016fzkumu vesm\u00edru a potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed kolonizaci.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumy potvrzuj\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 formy \u017eivota, v\u010detn\u011b ur\u010dit\u00e9ho druhu mechu, dok\u00e1\u017eou odolat drsn\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m vesm\u00edru. Tento objev roz\u0161i\u0159uje na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed udr\u017eitelnosti \u017eivota a vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o mo\u017enosti podpory \u017eivota mimo Zemi. Ne\u010dekan\u00e1 vitalita mechu V\u011bdci z univerzity Hokkaido v Japonsku ve spolupr\u00e1ci s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi kolegy publikovali v\u00fdsledky v iScience podrobn\u011b popisuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed mechu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7174,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7175"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7175"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7175\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7174"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7175"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7175"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7175"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Test p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed ve vesm\u00edru: Dopad na ISS<\/h3>\n
Pro\u010d je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9?<\/h3>\n
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