{"id":7183,"date":"2025-12-03T22:33:07","date_gmt":"2025-12-03T20:33:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/uk-uapersha-pidtverdzhena-smert-ljudini-vid-novogo-shtamu-ptashinogo\/"},"modified":"2025-12-03T22:33:07","modified_gmt":"2025-12-03T20:33:07","slug":"uk-uapersha-pidtverdzhena-smert-ljudini-vid-novogo-shtamu-ptashinogo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/uk-uapersha-pidtverdzhena-smert-ljudini-vid-novogo-shtamu-ptashinogo\/","title":{"rendered":"Prvn\u00ed potvrzen\u00e1 lidsk\u00e1 smrt na nov\u00fd kmen pta\u010d\u00ed ch\u0159ipky H5N5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Mu\u017e ze st\u00e1tu Washington zem\u0159el na vz\u00e1cn\u00fd kmen pta\u010d\u00ed ch\u0159ipky, co\u017e je prvn\u00ed potvrzen\u00e1 smrt \u010dlov\u011bka na podtyp H5N5 ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. Smrt, kterou v p\u00e1tek ozn\u00e1milo ministerstvo zdravotnictv\u00ed st\u00e1tu Washington, p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed pot\u00e9, co byl za\u010d\u00e1tkem listopadu hospitalizov\u00e1n star\u0161\u00ed mu\u017e se z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi zdravotn\u00edmi probl\u00e9my, kter\u00fd na sv\u00e9m dvorku choval dr\u016fbe\u017e. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Zm\u011bna kmene:<\/strong> Tento p\u0159\u00edpad se v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed od ned\u00e1vn\u00e9ho n\u00e1r\u016fstu infekc\u00ed pta\u010d\u00ed ch\u0159ipkou, kter\u00fd zas\u00e1hl dr\u016fbe\u017e\u00ed farmy a divokou zv\u011b\u0159. Zat\u00edmco dominantn\u00ed kmen cirkuluj\u00edc\u00ed od konce roku 2021 byl H5N1, tuto smrt zp\u016fsobil H5N5. Oba jsou klasifikov\u00e1ny jako viry H5, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee sd\u00edlej\u00ed hemaglutinin. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd rozd\u00edl spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v jejich neuraminid\u00e1zov\u00fdch proteinech, kter\u00e9 ur\u010duj\u00ed, jak se virus \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed a jak interaguje s hostiteli. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Pro\u010d na tom z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed:<\/strong> Podle virologa Richarda Webbyho z D\u011btsk\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 nemocnice St. Jude nemus\u00ed v\u00fdskyt H5N5 u lid\u00ed nutn\u011b znamenat zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed. To v\u0161ak vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 obavy ohledn\u011b schopnosti viru mutovat a \u0161\u00ed\u0159it se. Ch\u0159ipkov\u00e9 viry si snadno vym\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed genetick\u00fd materi\u00e1l s jin\u00fdmi kmeny cirkuluj\u00edc\u00edmi ve zv\u00ed\u0159atech a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed nov\u00e9 varianty, kter\u00e9 by mohly b\u00fdt naka\u017eliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed nebo zp\u016fsobit z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed u lid\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed viru:<\/strong> V\u011bdci sleduj\u00ed viry H5 po desetilet\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm program\u016f pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed populac\u00ed voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch pt\u00e1k\u016f. Kmen H5N5 identifikovan\u00fd p\u0159i lidsk\u00e9 smrti se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt spojen s viry cirkuluj\u00edc\u00edmi mezi pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edmi pt\u00e1ky a racky ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Kanad\u011b, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee sp\u00ed\u0161e migroval na z\u00e1pad, ne\u017e aby se spont\u00e1nn\u011b objevil u lid\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee virus byl ji\u017e p\u0159\u00edtomen v prost\u0159ed\u00ed a nejednalo se o n\u00e1hlou novou mutaci. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Omezen\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed mezi lidmi:<\/strong> Org\u00e1ny ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b monitoruj\u00ed bl\u00edzk\u00e9 kontakty zesnul\u00fdch, ale nezjistily \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 jin\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 infekce. Riziko p\u0159enosu mezi lidmi z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00edzk\u00e9, ale tento p\u0159\u00edpad zd\u016fraz\u0148uje nebezpe\u010d\u00ed expozice prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm dr\u016fbe\u017ee. P\u0159edchoz\u00ed \u00famrt\u00ed na pta\u010d\u00ed ch\u0159ipku v USA, ke kter\u00e9mu do\u0161lo v Louisian\u011b na za\u010d\u00e1tku tohoto roku, tak\u00e9 zahrnovalo star\u0161\u00edho mu\u017ee se z\u00e1kladn\u00edm zdravotn\u00edm stavem, kter\u00fd choval ku\u0159ata. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Preventivn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed:<\/strong> Odborn\u00edci doporu\u010duj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed biologick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed chovaj\u00ed dr\u016fbe\u017e:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Odd\u011blte dr\u016fbe\u017e od voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch populac\u00ed. <\/li>\n<li>K p\u00e9\u010di o pt\u00e1ky pou\u017e\u00edvejte speci\u00e1ln\u00ed od\u011bv a obuv. <\/li>\n<li>P\u0159i \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed kurn\u00edku pou\u017e\u00edvejte ochrann\u00e9 pom\u016fcky (masky, br\u00fdle). <\/li>\n<li>Po manipulaci se slepicemi, vejci nebo chl\u00e9vem si d\u016fkladn\u011b umyjte ruce. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Krom\u011b majitel\u016f dr\u016fbe\u017ee by se ve\u0159ejnost m\u011bla vyh\u00fdbat kontaktu s uhynul\u00fdmi nebo nemocn\u00fdmi voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edmi zv\u00ed\u0159aty. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Z\u00e1v\u011brem<\/strong> i kdy\u017e je tato smrt alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed, zat\u00edm nesignalizuje zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 riziko pandemie. Slou\u017e\u00ed v\u0161ak jako d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 p\u0159ipom\u00ednka adaptability viru a pot\u0159eby nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e9ho dohledu a bd\u011blosti u zv\u00ed\u0159at i lid\u00ed. Vznik nov\u00fdch podtyp\u016f, jako je H5N5, podtrhuje d\u016fle\u017eitost proaktivn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed v oblasti ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed ke zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed hrozby budouc\u00edch ohnisek.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mu\u017e ze st\u00e1tu Washington zem\u0159el na vz\u00e1cn\u00fd kmen pta\u010d\u00ed ch\u0159ipky, co\u017e je prvn\u00ed potvrzen\u00e1 smrt \u010dlov\u011bka na podtyp H5N5 ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. Smrt, kterou v p\u00e1tek ozn\u00e1milo ministerstvo zdravotnictv\u00ed st\u00e1tu Washington, p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed pot\u00e9, co byl za\u010d\u00e1tkem listopadu hospitalizov\u00e1n star\u0161\u00ed mu\u017e se z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi zdravotn\u00edmi probl\u00e9my, kter\u00fd na sv\u00e9m dvorku choval dr\u016fbe\u017e. Zm\u011bna kmene: Tento p\u0159\u00edpad se [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7182,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7183"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7183"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7183\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7182"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7183"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7183"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7183"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}