{"id":7215,"date":"2025-12-21T12:21:21","date_gmt":"2025-12-21T10:21:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/uk-uanasa-predstavljaye-najdetalnishu-kartu-nichnogo-neba-za\/"},"modified":"2025-12-21T12:21:21","modified_gmt":"2025-12-21T10:21:21","slug":"uk-uanasa-predstavljaye-najdetalnishu-kartu-nichnogo-neba-za","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/uk-uanasa-predstavljaye-najdetalnishu-kartu-nichnogo-neba-za\/","title":{"rendered":"NASA p\u0159edstavuje nejpodrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mapu no\u010dn\u00ed oblohy pomoc\u00ed dalekohledu SPHEREx"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vesm\u00edrn\u00fd dalekohled NASA SPHEREx poskytl svou prvn\u00ed mapu cel\u00e9 oblohy v infra\u010derven\u00e9m sv\u011btle, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 obrovsk\u00fd krok vp\u0159ed ve studiu ran\u00e9 historie vesm\u00edru a v\u00fdvoje galaxi\u00ed. Mapa, dokon\u010den\u00e1 po pouh\u00fdch \u0161esti m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch pr\u00e1ce, je nejkomplexn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm infra\u010derven\u00fdm pr\u016fzkumem, jak\u00fd byl kdy vytvo\u0159en, a poskytuje astronom\u016fm nov\u00fd v\u00fdkonn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj k pronik\u00e1n\u00ed hloub\u011bji do vesm\u00edru ne\u017e kdy p\u0159edt\u00edm. <\/p>\n

Bezprecedentn\u00ed infra\u010derven\u00e9 pokryt\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Dalekohled SPHEREx naskenoval celou oblohu na 102 r\u016fzn\u00fdch infra\u010derven\u00fdch vlnov\u00fdch d\u00e9lk\u00e1ch \u2013 sv\u011btlo pro lidsk\u00e9 oko neviditeln\u00e9, ale bohat\u00e9 na informace o nebesk\u00fdch objektech. Nejde jen o vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed vylep\u0161en\u00ed: infra\u010derven\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje vid\u011bt skrz hust\u00e1 prachov\u00e1 mra\u010dna, kde se tvo\u0159\u00ed hv\u011bzdy a planety, a odhalovat skryt\u00e9 vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 \u0161kolky, kter\u00e9 by jinak z\u016fstaly neodhaleny. Jak vysv\u011btluje Sean Domagal-Goldman, \u0159editel astrofyzick\u00e9 divize NASA: \u201eM\u00e1me v podstat\u011b 102 nov\u00fdch map cel\u00e9 oblohy, ka\u017edou na jin\u00e9 vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lce a obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed jedine\u010dn\u00e9 informace.\u201c <\/p>\n

Letm\u00fd pohled do ran\u00e9ho vesm\u00edru<\/h3>\n

V\u00fdznam t\u00e9to karty spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v jej\u00edm potenci\u00e1lu odhalit tajemstv\u00ed d\u011btstv\u00ed Vesm\u00edru. V\u011bdci doufaj\u00ed, \u017ee data vyu\u017eij\u00ed k anal\u00fdze podm\u00ednek v prvn\u00ed biliontiny a\u017e biliontiny sekundy po velk\u00e9m t\u0159esku, co\u017e je obdob\u00ed, kter\u00e9 formovalo rozlo\u017een\u00ed galaxi\u00ed v \u010dasoprostoru. Nov\u00e1 data budou pou\u017eita spolu se st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edmi pr\u016fzkumy k pochopen\u00ed toho, jak se galaxie vyv\u00edjely za posledn\u00edch 14 miliard let. <\/p>\n

Jedine\u010dn\u00e9 vlastnosti SPHEREx<\/h3>\n

SPHEREx se od ostatn\u00edch dalekohled\u016f li\u0161\u00ed ve dvou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch ohledech. Za prv\u00e9, jeho \u0161iroko\u00fahl\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed mu umo\u017e\u0148uje prozkoumat celou oblohu v relativn\u011b kr\u00e1tk\u00fdch \u010dasov\u00fdch \u00fasec\u00edch, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fdch \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f dokon\u010d\u00ed \u00fapln\u00e9 skenov\u00e1n\u00ed. To je v ostr\u00e9m kontrastu s dalekohledem Jamese Webba, kter\u00fd vynik\u00e1 v detailn\u00ed spektroskopii, ale m\u00e1 mnohem u\u017e\u0161\u00ed zorn\u00e9 pole. Za druh\u00e9, p\u0159\u00edstup SPHEREx pro v\u00edce vlnov\u00fdch d\u00e9lek stav\u00ed na p\u0159edchoz\u00edch infra\u010derven\u00fdch pr\u016fzkumech (jako je Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer od NASA), kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed spektr\u00e1ln\u00ed hloubku. Jak \u0159ekla projektov\u00e1 mana\u017eerka Beth Fabinski, “SPHEREx m\u00e1 superschopnost v tom, \u017ee zachycuje celou oblohu ve 102 barv\u00e1ch p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fdch \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f.” <\/p>\n

Budouc\u00ed mise SPHEREx<\/h3>\n

Teleskop b\u011bhem p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho roku a p\u016fl zopakuje sken cel\u00e9 oblohy je\u0161t\u011b t\u0159ikr\u00e1t, aby zv\u00fd\u0161il citlivost dat. V\u0161echna shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e1 data budou zve\u0159ejn\u011bna, co\u017e umo\u017en\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016fm z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta p\u0159isp\u011bt k anal\u00fdze. <\/p>\n

\n

\u201eSPHEREx je st\u0159edn\u011b velk\u00e1 astrofyzick\u00e1 mise, kter\u00e1 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed velk\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky,\u201c \u0159ekl \u0159editel JPL Dave Gallagher. “Toto je fenomen\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad toho, jak prom\u011b\u0148ujeme odv\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1pady ve skute\u010dnost.” <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Mise SPHEREx p\u0159edstavuje v\u00fdznamn\u00fd pokrok v astronomick\u00e9m v\u00fdzkumu a nab\u00edz\u00ed nov\u00e9 poznatky o p\u016fvodu a v\u00fdvoji vesm\u00edru. D\u00edky sv\u00fdm jedine\u010dn\u00fdm schopnostem a odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed k otev\u0159en\u00fdm dat\u016fm tento dalekohled slibuje, \u017ee zm\u011bn\u00ed na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed vesm\u00edru na nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed roky.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vesm\u00edrn\u00fd dalekohled NASA SPHEREx poskytl svou prvn\u00ed mapu cel\u00e9 oblohy v infra\u010derven\u00e9m sv\u011btle, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 obrovsk\u00fd krok vp\u0159ed ve studiu ran\u00e9 historie vesm\u00edru a v\u00fdvoje galaxi\u00ed. Mapa, dokon\u010den\u00e1 po pouh\u00fdch \u0161esti m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch pr\u00e1ce, je nejkomplexn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm infra\u010derven\u00fdm pr\u016fzkumem, jak\u00fd byl kdy vytvo\u0159en, a poskytuje astronom\u016fm nov\u00fd v\u00fdkonn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj k pronik\u00e1n\u00ed hloub\u011bji do vesm\u00edru ne\u017e kdy p\u0159edt\u00edm. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7213,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7215"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7215"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7215\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7213"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7215"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7215"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7215"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}