{"id":7281,"date":"2026-01-22T14:30:15","date_gmt":"2026-01-22T12:30:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/uk-uaznarjaddja-dlja-koriv-realnist-epohalne-doslidzhennja-vijavilo\/"},"modified":"2026-01-22T14:30:15","modified_gmt":"2026-01-22T12:30:15","slug":"uk-uaznarjaddja-dlja-koriv-realnist-epohalne-doslidzhennja-vijavilo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/uk-uaznarjaddja-dlja-koriv-realnist-epohalne-doslidzhennja-vijavilo\/","title":{"rendered":"Cow Tools &#8211; Realita: Landmark Study odhaluje p\u0159ekvapivou inteligenci hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed popul\u00e1rn\u00ed karikatura zn\u00e1zor\u0148ovala kr\u00e1vy uva\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed o \u201en\u00e1stroj\u00edch pro kr\u00e1vy\u201c, co\u017e je absurdn\u00ed n\u00e1pad nazna\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed, \u017ee kravsk\u00e9 mozky postr\u00e1daj\u00ed schopnost komplexn\u00edho my\u0161len\u00ed. Nyn\u00ed nov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum potvrzuje, \u017ee kr\u00e1vy <em>pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed<\/em> n\u00e1stroje, co\u017e prokazuje \u00farove\u0148 inteligence, kter\u00e1 byla d\u0159\u00edve u hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at podce\u0148ov\u00e1na. Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed publikovan\u00e1 v \u010dasopise <em>Current Biology<\/em> zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed za\u017eit\u00e9 p\u0159edpoklady o kognitivn\u00edch schopnostech zv\u00ed\u0159at a vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed etick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o tom, jak zach\u00e1z\u00edme s hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdmi zv\u00ed\u0159aty. <\/p>\n<h3>Kr\u00e1va jm\u00e9nem Veronica v\u0161echno zm\u011bn\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>V centru objevu je Veronica, 13let\u00e1 hn\u011bd\u00e1 \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e1 kr\u00e1va \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed na rakousk\u00e9 farm\u011b. Farm\u00e1\u0159 Witgar Wiegele byl prvn\u00ed, kdo si v\u0161iml, \u017ee Veronica pomoc\u00ed ty\u010d\u00ed \u0161kr\u00e1be t\u011b\u017eko dostupn\u00e1 m\u00edsta na sv\u00e9m t\u011ble. Zv\u011bdav\u00e1 kognitivn\u00ed biolo\u017eka Alice Auersperg provedla dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum, kter\u00fd potvrdil, \u017ee Veronica neinteraguje s p\u0159edm\u011bty jen n\u00e1hodn\u011b \u2013 z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b je <em>pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1<\/em>. <\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>&#8220;Okam\u017eit\u011b bylo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee to nebyla nehoda,&#8221; \u0159ekl Auersperg. &#8220;Toto je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1stroje u druhu, kter\u00fd je z\u0159\u00eddka zva\u017eov\u00e1n z kognitivn\u00ed perspektivy.&#8221; <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h3>Jak Veronica pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 n\u00e1stroje: p\u0159esnost a \u00fa\u010delnost<\/h3>\n<p>V\u011bdci pozorovali Veroniku, jak si pomoc\u00ed podlahov\u00e9ho kart\u00e1\u010de po\u0161kr\u00e1bala z\u00e1da, vemeno a b\u0159icho. S n\u00e1strojem manipulovala s \u00fa\u017easnou obratnost\u00ed, jazykem jej zvedala a zuby dr\u017eela na m\u00edst\u011b. Co je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pozoruhodn\u00e9, je to, \u017ee p\u0159izp\u016fsobila svou techniku \u200b\u200bpomoc\u00ed tuh\u00fdch \u0161t\u011btin pro drsnou poko\u017eku a hladk\u00e9 rukojeti pro citliv\u00e9 oblasti. Nen\u00ed to jen \u0161kr\u00e1b\u00e1n\u00ed; je d\u016fkazem <strong>\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f<\/strong> a <strong>z\u00e1m\u011brn\u00e9ho p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<p>Toto chov\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00ed jen z\u00e1ludn\u00e9 \u2013 je slo\u017eit\u00e9. Veronica demonstruje <em>multifunk\u010dn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f<\/em> pou\u017eit\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed stejn\u00e9ho objektu pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. Tato \u00farove\u0148 kognitivn\u00edch dovednost\u00ed byla ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve zdokumentov\u00e1na u \u0161impanz\u016f, ale nikdy nebyla tak jasn\u011b prok\u00e1z\u00e1na u skotu. <\/p>\n<h3>Pro\u010d na tom z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed: Podce\u0148ovan\u00e1 inteligence a etick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my<\/h3>\n<p>Studie nazna\u010duje, \u017ee pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt u skotu b\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se d\u0159\u00edve myslelo. Nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 d\u016fkazy z ji\u017en\u00ed Asie to podporuj\u00ed a nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee takov\u00e9 schopnosti mohou b\u00fdt prastar\u00e9, ale potla\u010den\u00e9 \u0161patn\u00fdmi \u017eivotn\u00edmi podm\u00ednkami. Veronice podn\u011btn\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed \u2013 venkovsk\u00e1 farma s p\u0159\u00edstupem k n\u00e1stroj\u016fm \u2013 j\u00ed umo\u017enilo projevit svou inteligenci. V\u011bt\u0161ina hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at chovan\u00fdch v tov\u00e1rn\u011b tuto p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost nikdy nedostane. <\/p>\n<p>D\u016fsledky jsou jasn\u00e9: <strong>1,5 miliardy kus\u016f dobytka na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt nevyu\u017eit\u00fd kognitivn\u00ed potenci\u00e1l<\/strong>. \u017dili jsme vedle t\u011bchto zv\u00ed\u0159at tis\u00edce let, ani\u017e bychom si uv\u011bdomovali jejich schopnosti. Jak zd\u016fraz\u0148uje primatolo\u017eka Jill Pruetz, v\u00edme v\u00edce o pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f exotick\u00fdmi zv\u00ed\u0159aty ne\u017e o krav\u00e1ch, na kter\u00fdch jsme z\u00e1visl\u00ed, pokud jde o j\u00eddlo. <\/p>\n<h3>Budoucnost kognitivn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu zv\u00ed\u0159at<\/h3>\n<p>Tento objev zd\u016fraz\u0148uje pot\u0159ebu obohatit stanovi\u0161t\u011b hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at. Poskytnut\u00ed stimuluj\u00edc\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at\u016fm m\u016f\u017ee odemknout skrytou inteligenci, zlep\u0161it jejich pohodu a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b vyvolat je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ekvapiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p>Nejde jen o kr\u00e1vy. Studie n\u00e1s nut\u00ed p\u0159ehodnotit na\u0161e p\u0159edpoklady o inteligenci zv\u00ed\u0159at. Pokud dobytek um\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvat n\u00e1stroje, co n\u00e1m je\u0161t\u011b chyb\u00ed? Odpov\u011b\u010f m\u016f\u017ee zn\u00edt, \u017ee jsme podcenili inteligenci tvor\u016f, o kter\u00fdch jsme si dlouho mysleli, \u017ee jsou prost\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed popul\u00e1rn\u00ed karikatura zn\u00e1zor\u0148ovala kr\u00e1vy uva\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed o \u201en\u00e1stroj\u00edch pro kr\u00e1vy\u201c, co\u017e je absurdn\u00ed n\u00e1pad nazna\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed, \u017ee kravsk\u00e9 mozky postr\u00e1daj\u00ed schopnost komplexn\u00edho my\u0161len\u00ed. Nyn\u00ed nov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum potvrzuje, \u017ee kr\u00e1vy pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed n\u00e1stroje, co\u017e prokazuje \u00farove\u0148 inteligence, kter\u00e1 byla d\u0159\u00edve u hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at podce\u0148ov\u00e1na. Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed publikovan\u00e1 v \u010dasopise Current Biology zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed za\u017eit\u00e9 p\u0159edpoklady o kognitivn\u00edch schopnostech [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7280,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7281"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7281"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7281\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7280"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7281"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7281"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7281"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}