Navzdory rychle ub\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edmu arktick\u00e9mu mo\u0159sk\u00e9mu ledu prokazuj\u00ed ledn\u00ed medv\u011bdi v souostrov\u00ed Svalbard pozoruhodnou schopnost udr\u017eet si kondici, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159edchoz\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ohledn\u011b zranitelnosti tohoto druhu v\u016f\u010di zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu. Nov\u00e1 studie trvaj\u00edc\u00ed 24 let ukazuje, \u017ee tito medv\u011bdi nevykazuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zhor\u0161en\u00ed celkov\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed, i kdy\u017e jejich ledov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed ub\u00fdv\u00e1 alarmuj\u00edc\u00edm tempem. <\/p>\n
V\u011bdci z Norsk\u00e9ho pol\u00e1rn\u00edho institutu sledovali v\u00edce ne\u017e 770 ledn\u00edch medv\u011bd\u016f v okol\u00ed Svalbardu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e provedli v\u00edce ne\u017e 1000 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed jejich t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti v letech 2000 a\u017e 2019. V regionu do\u0161lo k prudk\u00e9mu zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed d\u00e9lky ledov\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed \u2013 p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e dv\u011bma m\u011bs\u00edci, tedy p\u0159ed dv\u011bma desetilet\u00edmi. Tato rychl\u00e1 zm\u011bna v arktick\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed je kritick\u00fdm ukazatelem dopadu glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed na ekosyst\u00e9my ve vysok\u00fdch zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch \u0161\u00ed\u0159k\u00e1ch.<\/em> <\/p>\n Navzdory ztr\u00e1t\u011b stanovi\u0161t\u011b z\u016fstal index t\u011blesn\u00e9 kondice (BCI) medv\u011bd\u016f stabiln\u00ed, dokonce se zotavuje z poklesu pozorovan\u00e9ho v 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed. V\u00fdsledky publikovan\u00e9 ve Scientific Reports<\/em> zpo\u010d\u00e1tku p\u0159ekvapily v\u00fdzkumn\u00fd t\u00fdm, kter\u00fd o\u010dek\u00e1val, \u017ee uvid\u00ed jasnou korelaci mezi ztr\u00e1tou ledu a poklesem zdrav\u00ed medv\u011bd\u016f. <\/p>\n Odolnost ledn\u00edch medv\u011bd\u016f Svalbard zd\u016fraz\u0148uje obt\u00ed\u017enost p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed reakc\u00ed druh\u016f na zm\u011bnu klimatu. Zat\u00edmco \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed arktick\u00e1 populace \u010del\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm hrozb\u00e1m, tato m\u00edstn\u00ed adaptace nazna\u010duje, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 skupiny mohou b\u00fdt odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se d\u0159\u00edve myslelo.<\/em> Toto pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed nevyvrac\u00ed obecn\u00e9 ohro\u017een\u00ed ledn\u00edch medv\u011bd\u016f, ale vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zky ohledn\u011b mechanism\u016f, kter\u00e9 n\u011bkter\u00fdm populac\u00edm umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed se s t\u00edm vyrovnat. <\/p>\n V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee zm\u011bny ve strav\u011b mohou hr\u00e1t roli: S men\u0161\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00edm mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ledu se tuleni soust\u0159ed\u00ed ve zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch oblastech, co\u017e usnad\u0148uje jejich lov. Medv\u011bdi se tak\u00e9 mohou st\u00e1le v\u00edce spol\u00e9hat na alternativn\u00ed zdroje potravy, jako jsou mro\u017ee nebo jeleni. <\/p>\n Laurie Quackenbush, v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk z Alja\u0161sk\u00e9ho odd\u011blen\u00ed pro ryby a zv\u011b\u0159, poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed ledn\u00edch medv\u011bd\u016f z\u00e1vis\u00ed na komplexn\u00ed interakci stanovi\u0161\u0165, dostupnosti ko\u0159isti a schopnosti medv\u011bd\u016f ukl\u00e1dat energii. Podobn\u00e1 rezistence byla pozorov\u00e1na u jin\u00fdch subpopulac\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad v \u010cukotsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i. <\/p>\n Jedine\u010dn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky Svalbardu v\u0161ak nezaru\u010duj\u00ed podobn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky na jin\u00fdch m\u00edstech. Dlouhodob\u00fd v\u00fdhled z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejist\u00fd: dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fabytek mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ledu nakonec tyto medv\u011bdy dotla\u010d\u00ed k bodu zlomu, ale zat\u00edm vzdoruj\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm. Studie zd\u016fraz\u0148uje pot\u0159ebu pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed, abychom pochopili pln\u00fd potenci\u00e1l ledn\u00edch medv\u011bd\u016f jako druhu v rychle se m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b. <\/p>\n V\u00fdsledky ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee ledn\u00ed medv\u011bdi jsou p\u0159izp\u016fsobiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se d\u0159\u00edve myslelo, ale \u017ee odolnost nen\u00ed z\u00e1rukou proti dlouhodob\u00e9mu poklesu. Budoucnost t\u011bchto zv\u00ed\u0159at st\u00e1le z\u00e1vis\u00ed na zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed zm\u011bny klimatu a zachov\u00e1n\u00ed jejich zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edho p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Navzdory rychle ub\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edmu arktick\u00e9mu mo\u0159sk\u00e9mu ledu prokazuj\u00ed ledn\u00ed medv\u011bdi v souostrov\u00ed Svalbard pozoruhodnou schopnost udr\u017eet si kondici, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159edchoz\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ohledn\u011b zranitelnosti tohoto druhu v\u016f\u010di zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu. Nov\u00e1 studie trvaj\u00edc\u00ed 24 let ukazuje, \u017ee tito medv\u011bdi nevykazuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zhor\u0161en\u00ed celkov\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed, i kdy\u017e jejich ledov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed ub\u00fdv\u00e1 alarmuj\u00edc\u00edm tempem. Studie: Monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se Arktidy […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7339,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"wpm_language_slugs":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7340"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7340"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7340\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7339"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7340"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7340"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7340"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Pro\u010d na tom z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed: Za \u0160picberky<\/h3>\n
Velk\u00fd obr\u00e1zek: Co st\u00e1le nev\u00edme<\/h3>\n