{"id":7356,"date":"2026-02-09T19:49:59","date_gmt":"2026-02-09T17:49:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/uk-uadiagnozi-autizmu-u-cholovikiv-i-zhinok-u-doroslomu-vitsi\/"},"modified":"2026-02-09T19:49:59","modified_gmt":"2026-02-09T17:49:59","slug":"uk-uadiagnozi-autizmu-u-cholovikiv-i-zhinok-u-doroslomu-vitsi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/uk-uadiagnozi-autizmu-u-cholovikiv-i-zhinok-u-doroslomu-vitsi\/","title":{"rendered":"Diagnostika autismu se mezi mu\u017ei a \u017eenami v dosp\u011blosti vyrovn\u00e1v\u00e1, zjistila studie"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nov\u00e1 studie ze \u0160v\u00e9dska nazna\u010duje, \u017ee a\u010dkoliv je u chlapc\u016f v d\u011btstv\u00ed diagnostikov\u00e1n autismus \u010dast\u011bji, v dosp\u011blosti se tento rozd\u00edl z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti uzav\u00edr\u00e1. Toto zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zpochyb\u0148uje nedostate\u010dnou diagn\u00f3zu u d\u00edvek a potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed v p\u00e9\u010di. Studie publikovan\u00e1 v BMJ<\/em> sledovala 2,7 milionu lid\u00ed narozen\u00fdch v letech 1985 a\u017e 2020 a odhalila v\u00fdznamn\u00fd efekt doh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed, jak tato kohorta st\u00e1rne. <\/p>\n

Ran\u00e1 nerovnost<\/h3>\n

V pr\u016fb\u011bhu let statistiky agentur, jako je americk\u00e9 Centrum pro kontrolu a prevenci nemoc\u00ed, uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee u chlapc\u016f je diagnostikov\u00e1n autismus p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b t\u0159ikr\u00e1t \u010dast\u011bji ne\u017e u d\u00edvek. Teorie vysv\u011btluj\u00edc\u00ed tuto nerovnov\u00e1hu sahaly od biologick\u00fdch rozd\u00edl\u016f ve v\u00fdvoji mozku a\u017e po genetickou predispozici. Nov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum v\u0161ak nazna\u010duje, \u017ee tyto \u010dasn\u00e9 diagnostick\u00e9 vzorce nemus\u00ed odr\u00e1\u017eet skute\u010dnou prevalenci autismu u \u017een.<\/p>\n

Efekt “doh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed”.<\/h3>\n

V\u011bdci zjistili, \u017ee u chlapc\u016f je skute\u010dn\u011b mnohem pravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee jim bude diagnostikov\u00e1n autismus v ran\u00e9m d\u011btstv\u00ed (asi 2,8 % kohorty bylo diagnostikov\u00e1no do roku 2022). Ale jak skupina vstoupila do dosp\u011blosti, tento rozd\u00edl se v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eil. Ve v\u011bku 20 let byly \u017eeny t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stejn\u011b pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee budou diagnostikov\u00e1ny autismem jako mu\u017ei. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee d\u00edvky mohou b\u00fdt v ran\u00e9m v\u011bku poddiagnostikov\u00e1ny a rozpozn\u00e1ny a\u017e v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku. <\/p>\n

Pro\u010d to zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed?<\/h3>\n

Odborn\u00edci poukazuj\u00ed na n\u011bkolik mo\u017en\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din diagnostick\u00e9 mezery. Jednou z mo\u017enost\u00ed je syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 zaujatost p\u0159i posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed autismu, kdy l\u00e9ka\u0159i mohou u d\u00edvek p\u0159ehl\u00e9dnout jemn\u00e9 projevy tohoto stavu. Dal\u0161\u00edm faktorem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt maskov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/em>, kdy lid\u00e9 v\u011bdom\u011b \u010di nev\u011bdom\u011b potla\u010duj\u00ed autistick\u00e9 rysy, aby zapadli do spole\u010dnosti. To m\u016f\u017ee zpozdit rozpozn\u00e1n\u00ed stavu a p\u0159ipravit lidi o podporu, kterou pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed. <\/p>\n

D\u016fsledky pozdn\u00ed diagn\u00f3zy<\/h3>\n

Zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00e1 nebo zme\u0161kan\u00e1 diagn\u00f3za m\u00e1 skute\u010dn\u00e9 d\u016fsledky. Lid\u00e9 s autismem, kter\u00fdm se nedost\u00e1v\u00e1 adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed podpory, mohou m\u00edt v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee s p\u0159\u00edstupem ke vhodn\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010db\u011b a z\u00e1rove\u0148 jsou \u0161patn\u011b diagnostikov\u00e1ni s jin\u00fdmi stavy, jako je \u00fazkost nebo ADHD. To m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st ke zbyte\u010dn\u00e9mu utrpen\u00ed a br\u00e1nit jim v prosp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Krok k n\u00e1prav\u011b<\/h3>\n

Studie je odborn\u00edky popisov\u00e1na jako \u201edob\u0159e proveden\u00e1\u201c a \u201ev\u00fdkonn\u00e1\u201c, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 a spolehliv\u00e1 data. V\u011bdci doufaj\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00fdsledky povedou k p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed diagn\u00f3ze, zejm\u00e9na u \u017een. Profesorka Gina Rippon \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee pokud tato studie p\u0159ivede v\u00edce pozornosti k nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 diagnostice autismu u \u017een, bude to samo o sob\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00fd krok vp\u0159ed. <\/p>\n

\n

D\u00edky dlouh\u00e9mu sb\u011bru dat a velk\u00e9mu vzorku studie jsou jej\u00ed zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vysoce robustn\u00ed, co\u017e ukazuje na nal\u00e9havou pot\u0159ebu p\u0159ehodnotit diagnostick\u00e9 metody a zajistit stejnou p\u00e9\u010di pro v\u0161echny lidi s autismem.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nov\u00e1 studie ze \u0160v\u00e9dska nazna\u010duje, \u017ee a\u010dkoliv je u chlapc\u016f v d\u011btstv\u00ed diagnostikov\u00e1n autismus \u010dast\u011bji, v dosp\u011blosti se tento rozd\u00edl z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti uzav\u00edr\u00e1. Toto zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zpochyb\u0148uje nedostate\u010dnou diagn\u00f3zu u d\u00edvek a potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed v p\u00e9\u010di. Studie publikovan\u00e1 v BMJ sledovala 2,7 milionu lid\u00ed narozen\u00fdch v letech 1985 a\u017e 2020 a odhalila v\u00fdznamn\u00fd efekt doh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7355,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7356"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7356"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7356\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7355"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7356"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7356"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7356"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}