{"id":7362,"date":"2026-02-11T02:02:40","date_gmt":"2026-02-11T00:02:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/uk-uabonabo-demonstruye-rozuminnja-rolovih-igor-kidajuchi-viklik\/"},"modified":"2026-02-11T02:02:40","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T00:02:40","slug":"uk-uabonabo-demonstruye-rozuminnja-rolovih-igor-kidajuchi-viklik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/uk-uabonabo-demonstruye-rozuminnja-rolovih-igor-kidajuchi-viklik\/","title":{"rendered":"Bonabeau demonstruje porozum\u011bn\u00ed hr\u00e1m na hran\u00ed rol\u00ed a zpochyb\u0148uje antropocentrick\u00e9 pohledy na pozn\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nov\u00e1 studie publikovan\u00e1 v \u010dasopise Science<\/em> poskytuje p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9 d\u016fkazy, \u017ee Kanzi, zesnul\u00fd bonobo zn\u00e1m\u00fd sv\u00fdmi pokro\u010dil\u00fdmi komunika\u010dn\u00edmi schopnostmi, rozum\u011bl konceptu p\u0159edst\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 schopnosti porozum\u011bt imagin\u00e1rn\u00edm sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016fm a pod\u00edlet se na nich. Tato zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee schopnost abstraktn\u00edho my\u0161len\u00ed a p\u0159edstavivosti nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u00e1 pro lidi, co\u017e zpochyb\u0148uje kognitivn\u00ed schopnosti zv\u00ed\u0159at a povahu v\u011bdom\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Kanzi Breakthrough: Testov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edst\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed s d\u017eusem a hrozny<\/h3>\n

Studie, kterou vedla Amalia Bastos, \u010derpala z klasick\u00fdch d\u011btsk\u00fdch psychologick\u00fdch experiment\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch u d\u011bt\u00ed. V\u011bdci poskytli Kanzimu \u010dist\u00e9 sklenice, pr\u00e1zdn\u00fd lekn\u00edn a ovocn\u00fd d\u017eus. Potom p\u0159edst\u00edrali<\/em>, \u017ee nal\u00e9vaj\u00ed d\u017eus do sklenic, “nalili” jednu z nich, ne\u017e se zeptali bonobo, kde d\u017eus je. <\/p>\n

Kanzi d\u016fsledn\u011b ukazoval na sklenici, kter\u00e1 v n\u00ed zd\u00e1nliv\u011b je\u0161t\u011b m\u011bla \u0161\u0165\u00e1vu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e d\u00e1val najevo pochopen\u00ed, \u017ee akce je neskute\u010dn\u00e1. Experiment byl opakov\u00e1n s p\u0159edst\u00edran\u00fdmi “hroznov\u00fdmi hrozny”, kter\u00e9 poskytly podobn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky. Kdy\u017e dostal Kanzi na v\u00fdb\u011br mezi skute\u010dn\u00fdm a fale\u0161n\u00fdm d\u017eusem, p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u011b si vybral skute\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1poj – i kdy\u017e to nezpochyb\u0148uje jeho pochopen\u00ed p\u0159edst\u00edran\u00e9ho sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e. <\/p>\n

Pro\u010d na tom z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed: Za hranicemi lidsk\u00e9 v\u00fdjime\u010dnosti<\/h3>\n

Po desetilet\u00ed se kognitivn\u00ed v\u011bda z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti zam\u011b\u0159ovala na lidskou inteligenci jako na m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko. Tato studie tento p\u0159edpoklad zpochyb\u0148uje. Kanziho schopnost zapojit se do p\u0159edst\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed nazna\u010duje, \u017ee ment\u00e1ln\u00ed procesy, kter\u00e9 jsou z\u00e1kladem p\u0159edstavivosti, mohou b\u00fdt v \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161i roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se d\u0159\u00edve myslelo. <\/p>\n

To m\u00e1 \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed d\u016fsledky<\/strong> : Pokud bonobov\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017eou porozum\u011bt p\u0159edst\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed, zpochyb\u0148uje to kognitivn\u00ed schopnosti jin\u00fdch druh\u016f, zejm\u00e9na t\u011bch se slo\u017eitou soci\u00e1ln\u00ed strukturou. Pro\u010d si bonobov\u00e9 vyvinuli tuto schopnost?<\/em> Souvis\u00ed to s jejich soci\u00e1ln\u00edmi interakcemi, \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016f nebo n\u011b\u010d\u00edm \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00fdm? <\/p>\n

Skepse a budouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum<\/h3>\n

Ne v\u0161ichni v\u011bdci jsou p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni. Daniel Povinelli, profesor biologie, tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee Kanzi by mohl jednodu\u0161e n\u00e1sledovat lidsk\u00e9 vod\u00edtka, ani\u017e by nutn\u011b ch\u00e1pal z\u00e1kladn\u00ed koncept p\u0159edst\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed. Nazna\u010duje, \u017ee bonobo mo\u017en\u00e1 reagovalo na akce experiment\u00e1tor\u016f, sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e na samotn\u00fd vymy\u0161len\u00fd sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159. <\/p>\n

Navzdory t\u00e9to skepsi jsou tato zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed podpo\u0159ena neofici\u00e1ln\u00edmi d\u016fkazy o podobn\u00e9m chov\u00e1n\u00ed u jin\u00fdch opic. Byly pozorov\u00e1ny \u0161impanz\u00ed samice, kter\u00e9 nesly h\u016flky, jako by byly miminka, a \u0161impanzi v zajet\u00ed napodobovali hru s neviditeln\u00fdmi p\u0159edm\u011bty. Studie zd\u016fraz\u0148uje pot\u0159ebu dal\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b nyn\u00ed, kdy\u017e Kanzi – p\u0159edm\u011bt t\u00e9to studie – ji\u017e nen\u00ed na\u017eivu, aby se mohl z\u00fa\u010dastnit. <\/p>\n

Auto\u0159i studie doufaj\u00ed, \u017ee tato zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed budou inspirovat v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed o ochranu ohro\u017een\u00fdch bonob\u016f a podn\u00edt\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum p\u0159edstavivosti zv\u00ed\u0159at. Schopnost rozli\u0161ovat mezi realitou a p\u0159edst\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jen jedn\u00edm kouskem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed skl\u00e1da\u010dky o inteligenci zv\u00ed\u0159at.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nov\u00e1 studie publikovan\u00e1 v \u010dasopise Science poskytuje p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9 d\u016fkazy, \u017ee Kanzi, zesnul\u00fd bonobo zn\u00e1m\u00fd sv\u00fdmi pokro\u010dil\u00fdmi komunika\u010dn\u00edmi schopnostmi, rozum\u011bl konceptu p\u0159edst\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 schopnosti porozum\u011bt imagin\u00e1rn\u00edm sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016fm a pod\u00edlet se na nich. Tato zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee schopnost abstraktn\u00edho my\u0161len\u00ed a p\u0159edstavivosti nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u00e1 pro lidi, co\u017e zpochyb\u0148uje kognitivn\u00ed schopnosti zv\u00ed\u0159at a povahu v\u011bdom\u00ed. Kanzi Breakthrough: […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7361,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7362"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7362"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7362\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7361"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7362"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7362"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7362"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}