{"id":7444,"date":"2026-02-28T04:59:54","date_gmt":"2026-02-28T02:59:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/uk-uaflorenski-cherepahi-povertajutsja-dodomu-pislja-majzhe-dvoh\/"},"modified":"2026-02-28T04:59:54","modified_gmt":"2026-02-28T02:59:54","slug":"uk-uaflorenski-cherepahi-povertajutsja-dodomu-pislja-majzhe-dvoh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/uk-uaflorenski-cherepahi-povertajutsja-dodomu-pislja-majzhe-dvoh\/","title":{"rendered":"\u017delvy Florean se vracej\u00ed dom\u016f po t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvou stolet\u00edch"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dv\u011b stolet\u00ed byla \u017eelva flori\u00e1nsk\u00e1 (Chelonoidis niger niger<\/em> ) pova\u017eov\u00e1na za vyhynulou. Tento jedine\u010dn\u00fd poddruh galap\u00e1\u017esk\u00e9 \u017eelvy zmizel z ostrova Floreana na po\u010d\u00e1tku 19. stolet\u00ed kv\u016fli lovu n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edk\u016f a pir\u00e1t\u016f, stejn\u011b jako zavle\u010den\u00ed invazn\u00edch druh\u016f. P\u0159ekvapiv\u00fd objev v roce 2000 v\u0161ak potvrdil p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed tohoto druhu \u2013 nikoli na Florean\u011b, ale 113 kilometr\u016f daleko, na ostrov\u011b Isabela. <\/p>\n

V\u011bdci tam objevili \u017eelvy s v\u00fdrazn\u00fdmi krun\u00fd\u0159i ve tvaru sedla, kter\u00e9 odpov\u00eddaly popisu d\u00e1vno ztracen\u00e9ho floreansk\u00e9ho poddruhu. Genetick\u00e9 testy potvrdily, \u017ee tito jedinci jsou k\u0159\u00ed\u017eenci poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z \u017eelv flori\u00e1nsk\u00fdch, kte\u0159\u00ed byli vzati na palubu lod\u00ed jako potrava a pot\u00e9 zde ponech\u00e1ni. Tato n\u00e1hodn\u00e1 migrace zajistila p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed genetick\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu druhu. <\/p>\n

Program chovu v zajet\u00ed a historick\u00fd n\u00e1vrat<\/strong> <\/p>\n

Minul\u00fd t\u00fdden bylo 158 \u017eelv ze specializovan\u00e9ho chovn\u00e9ho programu vypu\u0161t\u011bno zp\u011bt na ostrov Floreana, co\u017e je poprv\u00e9 za t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 200 let, kdy \u017eelvy p\u016fvodem z Floreany znovu pro\u0161ly zem\u00ed. \u0160lechtitelsk\u00fd program veden\u00fd Jamesem Gibbsem z Gal\u00e1pagos Conservancy spojil jedince z ostrova Isabela na z\u00e1klad\u011b genetick\u00fdch test\u016f, aby maximalizoval floresk\u00fd p\u016fvod u jejich potomk\u016f. P\u0159esto\u017ee tato zv\u00ed\u0159ata nejsou p\u0159esn\u00fdmi kopiemi p\u016fvodn\u00edch \u017eelv, nesou v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 stopy p\u016fvodn\u00ed DNA. <\/p>\n

\n

“Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed toho, jak \u017eelvy vkro\u010dily na Floreanu a za\u010daly zkoumat oblast, bylo neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b dojemn\u00e9. P\u0159ipadalo mi to jako konec 26 let pr\u00e1ce, ale tak\u00e9 za\u010d\u00e1tek,” \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Gibbs. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Pro\u010d na tom z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed: Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 druhy a obnova ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f<\/strong> <\/p>\n

N\u00e1vrat t\u011bchto \u017eelv nen\u00ed jen symbolick\u00e9 v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed. Galap\u00e1gsk\u00e1 \u017eelva je z\u00e1kladn\u00ed druh<\/em>, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnost m\u00e1 ne\u00fam\u011brn\u00fd dopad na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Tyto \u017eelvy funguj\u00ed jako rozpra\u0161ova\u010de semen a podporuj\u00ed obnovu lesa. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee jejich znovuzaveden\u00ed p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed ostrov Floreana jeho p\u016fvodn\u00edmu ekologick\u00e9mu stavu. <\/p>\n

Rick Hudson, emeritn\u00ed prezident Turtle Survival Alliance, poukazuje na podobn\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011bchy: \u201eKdykoli m\u016f\u017eete vr\u00e1tit \u201aekosyst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho in\u017een\u00fdra\u2018, jako jsou ob\u0159\u00ed \u017eelvy, do prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde se kdysi potulovaly, o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1me dobr\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky.\u201c Nap\u0159\u00edklad reintrodukce \u017eelvy aldabransk\u00e9 na Mauricius vedlo k obnov\u011b p\u016fvodn\u00edch rostlin a redukci invazn\u00edch druh\u016f. <\/p>\n

N\u00e1vrat \u017eelvy Florean je silnou uk\u00e1zkou toho, \u017ee i zd\u00e1nliv\u011b nevratn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty lze zvr\u00e1tit. Ekosyst\u00e9my ostrova, formovan\u00e9 miliony let evoluce, dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed druhou \u0161anci a biologick\u00e9 procesy, kter\u00e9 kdysi definovaly Floreanu, za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed o\u017e\u00edvat. Je to d\u016fkaz s\u00edly ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody a ne\u010dekan\u00e9 odolnosti p\u0159\u00edrody.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dv\u011b stolet\u00ed byla \u017eelva flori\u00e1nsk\u00e1 (Chelonoidis niger niger ) pova\u017eov\u00e1na za vyhynulou. Tento jedine\u010dn\u00fd poddruh galap\u00e1\u017esk\u00e9 \u017eelvy zmizel z ostrova Floreana na po\u010d\u00e1tku 19. stolet\u00ed kv\u016fli lovu n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edk\u016f a pir\u00e1t\u016f, stejn\u011b jako zavle\u010den\u00ed invazn\u00edch druh\u016f. P\u0159ekvapiv\u00fd objev v roce 2000 v\u0161ak potvrdil p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed tohoto druhu \u2013 nikoli na Florean\u011b, ale 113 kilometr\u016f daleko, na […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7443,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7444"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7444"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7444\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7443"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7444"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7444"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7444"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}