\u0414\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0431\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 15 000 \u0432\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0428\u0432\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0438. Tato pr\u00e1ce zd\u016fraz\u0148uje dlouhodob\u00e9 d\u016fsledky u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed antibiotik, kter\u00e9 p\u0159esahuj\u00ed jejich bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed \u00fa\u010del v boji proti infekc\u00edm. <\/p>\n
Studie publikovan\u00e1 v \u010dasopise Nature Medicine<\/em> propojila vzorky stolice s n\u00e1rodn\u00ed datab\u00e1z\u00ed l\u00e9k\u016f, aby porovnala st\u0159evn\u00ed bakterie lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed v posledn\u00edch osmi letech brali antibiotika, s t\u011bmi, kte\u0159\u00ed je nebrali. V\u00fdsledky byly ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed: lid\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed antibiotika m\u011bli v\u00fdrazn\u011b men\u0161\u00ed diverzitu mikroorganism\u016f ve sv\u00fdch st\u0159evech. Zdrav\u00e9 st\u0159evo obvykle obsahuje asi 350 jedine\u010dn\u00fdch druh\u016f bakteri\u00ed, ale expozice antibiotik toto \u010d\u00edslo sn\u00ed\u017eila, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e rozsah dopadu se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na pou\u017eit\u00e9m l\u00e9ku.<\/strong> <\/p>\n N\u011bkter\u00e1 antibiotika se uk\u00e1zala b\u00fdt mnohem destruktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jin\u00e1. Nejv\u00edce \u0161kod zp\u016fsobil klindomycin<\/strong>, \u010dasto p\u0159edepisovan\u00fd p\u0159i ko\u017en\u00edch a zubn\u00edch infekc\u00edch, s pr\u016fm\u011brnou ztr\u00e1tou 47 bakteri\u00e1ln\u00edch druh\u016f na jeden cyklus. Fluorochinolony (pro infekce mo\u010dov\u00fdch cest a d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest) a flukloxacilin (pro Staphylococcus aureus<\/em> ) tak\u00e9 vedly k v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed diverzity, i kdy\u017e v men\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e. Nejmen\u0161\u00ed dopad m\u011bl penicilin V, b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 antibiotikum ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku, kter\u00e9 zm\u011bnilo pouze 29 druh\u016f. <\/p>\n Tato zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1, proto\u017ee p\u0159edchoz\u00ed studie spojovaly sn\u00ed\u017eenou diverzitu st\u0159evn\u00ed fl\u00f3ry s chronick\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi, jako je obezita, diabetes 2. typu a z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed st\u0159ev. A\u010dkoli p\u0159esn\u00e9 mechanismy jsou st\u00e1le studov\u00e1ny, ztr\u00e1ta prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch bakteri\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee naru\u0161it kritick\u00e9 metabolick\u00e9 procesy. <\/p>\n Studie zjistila, \u017ee mikrobiom se nejrychleji zotavil b\u011bhem prvn\u00edch dvou let po u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed antibiotik. Rychlost zotaven\u00ed se v\u0161ak pot\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u011b zpomalila, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee po\u0161kozen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nevratn\u00e9.<\/strong> Dokonce i jeden cyklus antibiotik u\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika lety mohl st\u00e1le ovlivnit slo\u017een\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00edch bakteri\u00ed. <\/p>\n K jejich v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dink\u016fm pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum \u00fa\u010dinku l\u00e9k\u016f, jako je klindomycin a fluorochinolony \u2013 kter\u00e9 zab\u00edjej\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed \u0161k\u00e1lu bakteri\u00ed \u2013 a jejich schopnost dos\u00e1hnout vysok\u00fdch koncentrac\u00ed v tlust\u00e9m st\u0159ev\u011b. P\u0159ekvapiv\u011b m\u011bl v\u00fdznamn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek tak\u00e9 flukloxacilin, penicilin s \u00fazk\u00fdm spektrem, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b d\u00edky jeho unik\u00e1tn\u00edm vzorc\u016fm vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a eliminace. <\/p>\n V\u011bdci zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee antibiotika z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed nezbytn\u00e1 pro l\u00e9\u010dbu z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch infekc\u00ed. Jak poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 jeden odborn\u00edk: \u201eAntibiotika nejsou nic men\u0161\u00edho ne\u017e z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00fd l\u00e9k… v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech jsou naprosto nezbytn\u00e1.\u201c Studie v\u0161ak zd\u016fraz\u0148uje pot\u0159ebu obez\u0159etn\u00e9ho p\u0159edepisov\u00e1n\u00ed a lep\u0161\u00edho pochopen\u00ed dlouhodob\u00fdch d\u016fsledk\u016f u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed antibiotik. <\/p>\n D\u016fkazy nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee i jeden cyklus antibiotik m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom na l\u00e9ta, co\u017e zd\u016fraz\u0148uje d\u016fle\u017eitost pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f pouze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee je to absolutn\u011b nezbytn\u00e9.<\/strong> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0414\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0431\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 15 000 \u0432\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0428\u0432\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0438. Tato pr\u00e1ce zd\u016fraz\u0148uje dlouhodob\u00e9 d\u016fsledky u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed antibiotik, kter\u00e9 p\u0159esahuj\u00ed jejich bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed \u00fa\u010del v boji proti infekc\u00edm. Dlouhodob\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky antibiotik Studie publikovan\u00e1 v \u010dasopise Nature Medicine propojila vzorky stolice s n\u00e1rodn\u00ed datab\u00e1z\u00ed l\u00e9k\u016f, aby porovnala […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7489,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7490"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7490"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7490\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7489"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7490"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7490"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7490"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Kter\u00e1 antibiotika zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u0161kody?<\/h3>\n
Obnova je pomal\u00e1 a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ne\u00fapln\u00e1<\/h3>\n
Pro\u010d se to d\u011bje a co to znamen\u00e1<\/h3>\n