{"id":7554,"date":"2026-03-25T09:54:48","date_gmt":"2026-03-25T07:54:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/uk-uastarodavni-vinogradni-sorti-ne-zminilisja-za-tisjacholittja-ru\/"},"modified":"2026-03-25T09:54:48","modified_gmt":"2026-03-25T07:54:48","slug":"uk-uastarodavni-vinogradni-sorti-ne-zminilisja-za-tisjacholittja-ru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/uk-uastarodavni-vinogradni-sorti-ne-zminilisja-za-tisjacholittja-ru\/","title":{"rendered":"Starov\u011bk\u00e9 odr\u016fdy hrozn\u016f se za tis\u00edcilet\u00ed nezm\u011bnily"},"content":{"rendered":"

Archeologick\u00e1 anal\u00fdza DNA ukazuje, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 odr\u016fdy vinn\u00e9 r\u00e9vy, v\u010detn\u011b Pinot Noir, z\u016fstaly geneticky nezm\u011bn\u011bny po dobu nejm\u00e9n\u011b 500 let, v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech i d\u00e9le. V\u00fdsledky publikovan\u00e9 v \u010dasopise Nature Communications<\/em> p\u0159edefinuj\u00ed na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed historie v\u00fdroby v\u00edna a pozoruhodn\u00e9 stability ur\u010dit\u00fdch lini\u00ed r\u00e9vy vinn\u00e9. <\/p>\n

Konzistence Pinot Noir<\/h3>\n

V\u011bdci analyzovali 54 starov\u011bk\u00fdch hroznov\u00fdch semen nalezen\u00fdch na archeologick\u00fdch nalezi\u0161t\u00edch ve Francii a na Ibize, poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch z roku 2000 p\u0159ed na\u0161\u00edm letopo\u010dtem. a\u017e do pozdn\u00edho st\u0159edov\u011bku (asi p\u0159ed 500 lety). V\u00fdzkum uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9<\/em> odr\u016fdy vinn\u00e9 r\u00e9vy z\u016fstaly po stalet\u00ed prakticky nezm\u011bn\u011bny. U vzorku z Valenciennes v severn\u00ed Francii bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee je geneticky identick\u00fd s modern\u00edm Pinot Noir, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee konzumenti v\u00edna si dnes u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed stejnou odr\u016fdu jako v 15. nebo 16. stolet\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Ran\u00e9 obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed a vegetativn\u00ed mno\u017een\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Auto\u0159i studie pod veden\u00edm antropologa Ludovica Orlanda z University of Toulouse na\u0161li d\u016fkazy o pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed divok\u00e9 i kultivovan\u00e9 vinn\u00e9 r\u00e9vy ji\u017e p\u0159ed 2800 a\u017e 2400 lety. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, \u017ee t\u00fdm identifikoval geneticky identick\u00e9 klony v r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010dasov\u00fdch obdob\u00edch. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee starov\u011bc\u00ed vina\u0159i se velmi spol\u00e9hali na vegetativn\u00ed rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch rostlin sp\u00ed\u0161e z \u0159\u00edzk\u016f ne\u017e semen \u2013 aby si zachovali po\u017eadovan\u00e9 kvality. <\/p>\n

\n

Tato metoda umo\u017enila komunit\u00e1m obchodovat s odr\u016fdami vinn\u00e9 r\u00e9vy na obrovsk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti, n\u011bkdy i stovky mil, ji\u017e v dob\u011b \u017eelezn\u00e9 (624\u2013400 p\u0159. n. l.). <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Pro\u010d Francie?<\/h3>\n

V\u00fdb\u011br Francie jako zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed t\u00e9to studie nebyl n\u00e1hodn\u00fd. Dlouh\u00e1 historie vina\u0159stv\u00ed zem\u011b a jej\u00ed pozice kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9ho st\u0159edomo\u0159sk\u00e9ho obchodn\u00edho centra z n\u00ed \u010din\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u00edsto pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdvoje genetiky r\u00e9vy vinn\u00e9. Studie zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, jak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd je tento region pro v\u00fdvoj modern\u00edch vina\u0159sk\u00fdch technik. <\/p>\n

D\u016fsledky pro modern\u00ed vina\u0159stv\u00ed<\/h3>\n

V\u00fdsledky ukazuj\u00ed pozoruhodnou \u017eivotnost ur\u010dit\u00fdch lini\u00ed r\u00e9vy a jejich roli p\u0159i utv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed modern\u00edho vina\u0159stv\u00ed. Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 odr\u016fdy p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00ed po stalet\u00ed, zd\u016fraz\u0148uje \u00fa\u010dinnost vegetativn\u00edho mno\u017een\u00ed p\u0159i zachov\u00e1n\u00ed genetick\u00e9 konzistence. To zpochyb\u0148uje my\u0161lenku, \u017ee v\u0161echny odr\u016fdy hrozn\u016f se neust\u00e1le vyv\u00edjej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm v\u00fdb\u011brem. <\/p>\n

Tato studie v podstat\u011b ukazuje, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e1 v\u00edna se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed stejn\u00fdm<\/em> zp\u016fsobem po stalet\u00ed a \u017ee samotn\u00e9 hrozny jsou \u017eiv\u00fdm spojen\u00edm s minulost\u00ed. Stabilita t\u011bchto starov\u011bk\u00fdch lini\u00ed nazna\u010duje, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u00e9 chut\u011b a vlastnosti byly z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b udr\u017eov\u00e1ny lidsk\u00fdm z\u00e1sahem po tis\u00edce let.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Archeologick\u00e1 anal\u00fdza DNA ukazuje, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 odr\u016fdy vinn\u00e9 r\u00e9vy, v\u010detn\u011b Pinot Noir, z\u016fstaly geneticky nezm\u011bn\u011bny po dobu nejm\u00e9n\u011b 500 let, v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech i d\u00e9le. V\u00fdsledky publikovan\u00e9 v \u010dasopise Nature Communications p\u0159edefinuj\u00ed na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed historie v\u00fdroby v\u00edna a pozoruhodn\u00e9 stability ur\u010dit\u00fdch lini\u00ed r\u00e9vy vinn\u00e9. Konzistence Pinot Noir V\u011bdci analyzovali 54 starov\u011bk\u00fdch hroznov\u00fdch semen nalezen\u00fdch na […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7553,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7554"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7554"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7554\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7553"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7554"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7554"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7554"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}