{"id":7730,"date":"2026-05-08T07:34:05","date_gmt":"2026-05-08T04:34:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/uk-uatretina-doroslih-u-ssha-ne-visipayetsja-poperedzhaye-novij-zvit\/"},"modified":"2026-05-08T07:34:05","modified_gmt":"2026-05-08T04:34:05","slug":"uk-uatretina-doroslih-u-ssha-ne-visipayetsja-poperedzhaye-novij-zvit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/uk-uatretina-doroslih-u-ssha-ne-visipayetsja-poperedzhaye-novij-zvit\/","title":{"rendered":"Tich\u00e1 epidemie: pro\u010d t\u0159etina dosp\u011bl\u00fdch Ameri\u010dan\u016f trp\u00ed chronick\u00fdm nedostatkem sp\u00e1nku"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Sp\u00e1nek nen\u00ed luxus, ale biologick\u00e1 nutnost. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159etina dosp\u011bl\u00fdch Ameri\u010dan\u016f v\u0161ak nem\u00e1 dostatek sp\u00e1nku, podle nov\u00e9 alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy americk\u00e9ho Centra pro kontrolu a prevenci nemoc\u00ed (CDC). Tento roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd probl\u00e9m nen\u00ed jen ot\u00e1zkou denn\u00ed \u00fanavy; signalizuje rostouc\u00ed krizi ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed s v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdmi d\u016fsledky pro fyzick\u00e9 a du\u0161evn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed. <\/p>\n<h2>Rozsah probl\u00e9mu<\/h2>\n<p>\u00dadaje shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9 v roce 2024 odhaluj\u00ed alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed realitu: <strong>33 % dosp\u011bl\u00fdch Ameri\u010dan\u016f sp\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e doporu\u010den\u00fdch sedm hodin za noc<\/strong>. Je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce znepokojuj\u00edc\u00ed je subjektivn\u00ed vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to sp\u00e1nkov\u00e9 deprivace. O n\u011bco v\u00edce ne\u017e polovina v\u0161ech dosp\u011bl\u00fdch \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee se v\u011bt\u0161inu dn\u00ed probouz\u00ed \u201eospal\u00ed\u201c. <\/p>\n<p>Tato propast mezi fyziologickou pot\u0159ebou a skute\u010dn\u00fdm odpo\u010dinkem je alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed. Odborn\u00edci na sp\u00e1nek zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee odpo\u010dinek je pro lidsk\u00e9 p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd jako vzduch a voda. Michael Grandner, \u0159editel programu v\u00fdzkumu sp\u00e1nku a zdrav\u00ed na Arizonsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b, poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee sou\u010dasn\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 nedostatku sp\u00e1nku je pro dlouhodob\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed neudr\u017eiteln\u00e1. <\/p>\n<h2>Vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na nedostatek sp\u00e1nku<\/h2>\n<p>D\u016fsledky chronick\u00e9ho nedostatku sp\u00e1nku jdou daleko za hranice \u00fanavy. V\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fdzkum d\u016fsledn\u011b spojuje dostate\u010dn\u00fd sp\u00e1nek s kritick\u00fdmi t\u011blesn\u00fdmi funkcemi, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Zdrav\u00ed kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu:<\/strong> Sni\u017euje riziko srde\u010dn\u00edch chorob a mrtvice. <\/li>\n<li><strong>Regulace metabolismu:<\/strong> Pom\u00e1h\u00e1 kontrolovat hladinu cukru v krvi a hormon\u00e1ln\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hu. <\/li>\n<li><strong>Chr\u00e1n\u00ed kognitivn\u00ed funkce:<\/strong> Potenci\u00e1ln\u011b sni\u017euje riziko demence a podporuje du\u0161evn\u00ed jasnost. <\/li>\n<li><strong>Psychick\u00e1 pohoda:<\/strong> Stabilizuje n\u00e1ladu a sni\u017euje riziko \u00fazkosti a deprese. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Kdy\u017e se dosp\u011bl\u00ed neust\u00e1le p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed o tyto regenera\u010dn\u00ed hodiny, ztr\u00e1cej\u00ed nejen \u010das, ale tak\u00e9 schopnost sv\u00e9ho t\u011bla se zotavit a samoregulovat. <\/p>\n<h2>Kdo je nejv\u00edce ohro\u017een?<\/h2>\n<p>Zpr\u00e1va CDC, kter\u00e1 je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed National Health Interview Survey, odhaluje v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly v kvalit\u011b sp\u00e1nku mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi demografick\u00fdmi skupinami. Tyto rozd\u00edly nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee nerovnosti sp\u00e1nku jsou propojeny s \u0161ir\u0161\u00edmi soci\u00e1ln\u00edmi a struktur\u00e1ln\u00edmi faktory. <\/p>\n<h3>Rasov\u00e9 rozd\u00edly<\/h3>\n<p>Afroameri\u010dan\u00e9 \u010del\u00ed nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e nedostatku sp\u00e1nku. <strong>40 % Afroameri\u010dan\u016f<\/strong> uvedlo, \u017ee sp\u00ed v pr\u016fm\u011bru m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e sedm hodin, tak\u017ee je m\u00e9n\u011b pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee se probud\u00ed odpo\u010dat\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jejich asijsk\u00fdmi, b\u00edl\u00fdmi a hisp\u00e1nsk\u00fdmi vrstevn\u00edky. Ve stejn\u00e9 dob\u011b Asiat\u00e9 s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed uv\u00e1d\u011bli dobrou kvalitu sp\u00e1nku, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e asi <strong>62 %<\/strong> uvedlo, \u017ee se probouzej\u00ed odpo\u010dat\u00ed. <\/p>\n<h3>Rozd\u00edly mezi pohlav\u00edmi<\/h3>\n<p>A\u010dkoli mu\u017ei a \u017eeny uv\u00e1d\u011bli podobnou celkovou dobu sp\u00e1nku, jejich zku\u0161enosti se v\u00fdznamn\u011b li\u0161ily v kvalit\u011b sp\u00e1nku a n\u00e1stupu sp\u00e1nku:<br>\n* <strong>Mu\u017ei<\/strong> \u010dast\u011bji hl\u00e1sili, \u017ee se probouzej\u00ed odpo\u010dat\u00ed.<br>\n* <strong>\u017deny<\/strong> m\u011bly v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee s us\u00edn\u00e1n\u00edm, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e <strong>19 %<\/strong> uvedlo probl\u00e9my s us\u00edn\u00e1n\u00edm, ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s pouze <strong>12 %<\/strong> mu\u017e\u016f. <\/p>\n<h3>V\u011bkov\u00e9 trendy<\/h3>\n<p>V\u011bk tak\u00e9 hraje kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli ve sp\u00e1nkov\u00fdch vzorc\u00edch. Star\u0161\u00ed dosp\u011bl\u00ed, <strong>65 let a star\u0161\u00ed<\/strong>, uvedli nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed spokojenost se sv\u00fdm odpo\u010dinkem, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e asi <strong>64 %<\/strong> se p\u0159i probuzen\u00ed c\u00edt\u00ed odpo\u010dat\u00fdch v\u011bt\u0161inu dn\u00ed. Naproti tomu mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 ve v\u011bku <strong>18 a\u017e 34<\/strong> za\u017e\u00edvali nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee a vykazovali nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed m\u00edru pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed s us\u00edn\u00e1n\u00edm ze v\u0161ech v\u011bkov\u00fdch skupin. <\/p>\n<h2>Pro\u010d je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p>Tyto statistiky vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed nal\u00e9hav\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o modern\u00edm americk\u00e9m zp\u016fsobu \u017eivota. Prevalence sp\u00e1nkov\u00e9 deprivace u mlad\u00fdch dosp\u011bl\u00fdch m\u016f\u017ee odr\u00e1\u017eet tlaky digit\u00e1ln\u00ed konektivity, pracovn\u00ed kulturu a ekonomick\u00fd stres. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 rasov\u00e9 rozd\u00edly v kvalit\u011b sp\u00e1nku zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed environment\u00e1ln\u00ed, profesn\u00ed nebo socioekonomick\u00e9 p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky rovn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu ke kvalitn\u00edmu sp\u00e1nku. <\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>&#8220;Na\u0161e pot\u0159eba sp\u00e1nku je srovnateln\u00e1 s na\u0161\u00ed pot\u0159ebou vzduchu a vody.&#8221; \u2014 Michael Grandner, University of Arizona<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u0158e\u0161en\u00ed t\u00e9to krize vy\u017eaduje v\u00edce ne\u017e jen individu\u00e1ln\u00ed sebekontrolu; pot\u0159ebuje posun ve spole\u010dnosti sm\u011brem k up\u0159ednost\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed rekreace jako z\u00e1kladn\u00ed slo\u017eky zdrav\u00ed. Bez z\u00e1sahu se dlouhodob\u00e9 d\u016fsledky tohoto kolektivn\u00edho vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b projev\u00ed ve form\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdch n\u00e1klad\u016f na zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed kvality \u017eivota. <\/p>\n<h2>Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n<p>Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed CDC poskytuj\u00ed jasn\u00e9 varov\u00e1n\u00ed: nedostatek sp\u00e1nku je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd syst\u00e9mov\u00fd probl\u00e9m, kter\u00fd postihuje miliony Ameri\u010dan\u016f. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee rozd\u00edly v kvalit\u011b sp\u00e1nku p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00ed mezi rasami, pohlav\u00edmi a v\u011bkov\u00fdmi skupinami, je pot\u0159eba c\u00edlen\u00fdch strategi\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed st\u00e1le nal\u00e9hav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Rekreace nen\u00ed voliteln\u00e1 \u2013 je nezbytn\u00e1 pro zdravou spole\u010dnost.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sp\u00e1nek nen\u00ed luxus, ale biologick\u00e1 nutnost. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159etina dosp\u011bl\u00fdch Ameri\u010dan\u016f v\u0161ak nem\u00e1 dostatek sp\u00e1nku, podle nov\u00e9 alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy americk\u00e9ho Centra pro kontrolu a prevenci nemoc\u00ed (CDC). Tento roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd probl\u00e9m nen\u00ed jen ot\u00e1zkou denn\u00ed \u00fanavy; signalizuje rostouc\u00ed krizi ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed s v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdmi d\u016fsledky pro fyzick\u00e9 a du\u0161evn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed. Rozsah probl\u00e9mu \u00dadaje shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9 v roce 2024 odhaluj\u00ed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7729,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7730"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7730"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7730\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7729"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7730"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7730"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7730"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}