Obvykle si je p\u0159edstavujeme jako ne\u0161kodn\u00e9 tvory. Sm\u011b\u0161n\u00e9, k\u0159ehk\u00e9 a slab\u00e9. Mo\u017en\u00e1 je to trochu o\u0161kliv\u00e9, kdy\u017e se d\u00edv\u00e1te p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 zbl\u00edzka, ale rozhodn\u011b to nep\u0159edstavuje hrozbu pro nic v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho ne\u017e sm\u00edtko prachu. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1me jim dlouhonoz\u00ed nebo senn\u00ed pavouci. Tito \u010dlenovci se potuluj\u00ed po va\u0161em dvorku, okusuj\u00ed houby a listy, a pokud budete m\u00edt \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, ob\u010das jed\u00ed mrtv\u00fd hmyz. V\u0161e\u017eravci. Scavengers. Pomal\u00fd. <\/p>\n
Zapome\u0148 na to. <\/p>\n
Nov\u00e1 studie publikovan\u00e1 v \u010dasopise Ecology and Evolution<\/em> stav\u00ed v\u0161e na hlavu. Tato stvo\u0159en\u00ed jsou pred\u00e1to\u0159i. Skute\u010dn\u00ed pred\u00e1to\u0159i obratlovc\u016f. Toti\u017e \u017e\u00e1by. <\/p>\n Luis Fernando Garcia, arachnolog z Republikov\u00e9 univerzity, p\u0159izn\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee byli ohromeni. \u201eLiteratura \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee jsou slab\u00ed,\u201c poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1. Star\u00e9 u\u010debnice se shoduj\u00ed: pomal\u00e9, neohraban\u00e9, prakticky vegetari\u00e1nsk\u00e9. <\/p>\n Prvn\u00ed trhlina na tomto obr\u00e1zku se objevila ji\u017e v roce 2008. Osvaldo Villarreal, Garci\u016fv spoluautor a arachnolog z Venezuely, vid\u011bl n\u011bco neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9ho. Ve venezuelsk\u00e9m n\u00e1rodn\u00edm parku zaznamenal pavoukovec senose\u010dn\u00edk de\u0161\u0165ovou \u017e\u00e1bu. Nena\u0161el jsem ji jen mrtvou. Toti\u017e, napravil to p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00edm. Videoz\u00e1znam uk\u00e1zal, jak mal\u00fd \u010dlenovec z\u00e1pas\u00ed se sv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00edm se oboj\u017eiveln\u00edkem. Villarreal tomu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u201ewow moment\u201c. Nebylo to skryt\u00e9, ale \u0161okuj\u00edc\u00ed zjevn\u00e9. <\/p>\n Pak p\u0159i\u0161la Braz\u00edlie. Asi o deset let pozd\u011bji tot\u00e9\u017e pozorovala dal\u0161\u00ed skupina v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f. Obrace\u010d sena. \u017d\u00e1ba. \u010cas ob\u011bda. <\/p>\n V letech 2020 a\u017e 2025 se do studie zapojili v\u011bdci z Ekv\u00e1doru a Kolumbie. Na\u0161li mnoho p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kdy se r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy senko \u017eivily \u017e\u00e1bami. V\u00edce ne\u017e jednou. Ne dva. Opakovan\u011b. <\/p>\n “Zjistili jsme, \u017ee se to nemus\u00ed st\u00e1t n\u00e1hodou,” \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Garcia. <\/p>\n To m\u011bn\u00ed v\u011bci. <\/p>\n D\u0159\u00edve jsme p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dali, \u017ee pokud p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fd pavouka najde \u017e\u00e1bu, bude ji\u017e mrtv\u00e1. Lov na mr\u0161inu. \u0160\u0165astn\u00e1 nehoda. Shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed ale ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee ko\u0159ist byla na\u017eivu. \u010casto se je\u0161t\u011b kroutila, kdy\u017e senose\u010d za\u010dal kousat. To mluv\u00ed o lovu. Aktivn\u00ed a z\u00e1m\u011brn\u00e1 predace. <\/p>\n To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee sp\u00ed\u0161e lov\u00ed ne\u017e mrcho\u017erout. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Tak jak? <\/p>\n Tohle je zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed okam\u017eik. Jak lov\u00edte tvora, kter\u00fd sk\u00e1\u010de? \u017d\u00e1by jsou siln\u00e9. Atletick\u00fd. Explozivn\u00ed. Dlouh\u00e9 nohy vypadaj\u00ed, jako by se zlomily v lehk\u00e9m v\u00e1nku. Nemaj\u00ed jed. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd pavou\u010d\u00ed jed. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 bodnut\u00ed \u0161t\u00edrem. Jejich \u00fastn\u00ed \u00fastroj\u00ed jsou drobn\u00e9 kle\u0161t\u011b ur\u010den\u00e9 k drcen\u00ed pl\u00edsn\u00ed nebo \u017ev\u00fdk\u00e1n\u00ed k\u0159\u00eddel brouk\u016f. <\/p>\n Jos\u00e9 Valdez z N\u011bmeck\u00e9ho centra pro integrativn\u00ed biologii nebyl sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu, ale pova\u017euje to za z\u00e1hadn\u00e9. “Jak nesportovn\u00ed pavoukovci zachycuj\u00ed ko\u0159ist, kter\u00e1 sk\u00e1\u010de?” pt\u00e1 se. <\/p>\n Mo\u017en\u00e1 na velikosti z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed. Tropick\u00e9 senose\u010de jsou v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed. Masivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Podobaj\u00ed se tank\u016fm ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jejich p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdmi tenk\u00fdmi jako v\u011btvi\u010dka, kter\u00e9 vid\u00edme v les\u00edch m\u00edrn\u00e9ho p\u00e1sma. Maj\u00ed panc\u00e9\u0159ov\u00e9 gran\u00e1ty. \u0160pi\u010dat\u00e9 nohy. Mo\u017en\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed tuto hmotu k \u0159et\u011bzen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1by. Rozdr\u0165te ji. Vydr\u017ete. A pak kousnout. <\/p>\n Ale to nev\u00edme jist\u011b. Ne \u00fapln\u011b. Z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed m\u00e1lo studov\u00e1ny. V\u011bt\u0161inou neviditeln\u00fd. Proto\u017ee p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me, \u017ee jsou nudn\u00e9. <\/p>\n “Je tolik v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nev\u00edme,” p\u0159ipou\u0161t\u00ed Valdez. I kdy\u017e jsou v\u0161ude. Na va\u0161em dvo\u0159e. V les\u00edch. V\u0161ude. <\/p>\n Zaujatost jde hluboko. Studujeme to, \u010demu rozum\u00edme. Obvykle to je to, co \u017eije tam, kde \u017eijeme. M\u00edrn\u00e9 z\u00f3ny. Studen\u00e9 zimy. Jednoduch\u00e9 potravn\u00ed \u0159et\u011bzce. <\/p>\n Ale v tropech se pravidla bouraj\u00ed. Potravinov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b tam nejsou rovn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1ry. Bezobratl\u00fd po\u017e\u00edr\u00e1 rostlinu. Hmyz po\u017e\u00edr\u00e1 bezobratl\u00e9. Obratlovec \u017eere hmyz. Ne. St\u016fl je p\u0159evr\u00e1cen\u00fd. Mal\u00e9 v\u011bci jed\u00ed velk\u00e9 v\u011bci. Slab\u00ed zabij\u00ed siln\u00e9 skokany. <\/p>\n Pod\u00edvali jsme se na n\u011b a vid\u011bli odpadky. P\u0159\u00edroda se pod\u00edvala bl\u00ed\u017e. Vid\u011bla zuby. Nebo n\u011bco dost bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho tomu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Obvykle si je p\u0159edstavujeme jako ne\u0161kodn\u00e9 tvory. Sm\u011b\u0161n\u00e9, k\u0159ehk\u00e9 a slab\u00e9. Mo\u017en\u00e1 je to trochu o\u0161kliv\u00e9, kdy\u017e se d\u00edv\u00e1te p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 zbl\u00edzka, ale rozhodn\u011b to nep\u0159edstavuje hrozbu pro nic v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho ne\u017e sm\u00edtko prachu. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1me jim dlouhonoz\u00ed nebo senn\u00ed pavouci. Tito \u010dlenovci se potuluj\u00ed po va\u0161em dvorku, okusuj\u00ed houby a listy, a pokud budete m\u00edt \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, ob\u010das […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7809,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7810"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7810"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7810\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7809"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7810"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7810"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7810"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n