{"id":7884,"date":"2026-07-12T07:28:10","date_gmt":"2026-07-12T04:28:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/uk-uachomu-choloviki-chastishe-natikajutsja-na-stinu-ru-rupochemu\/"},"modified":"2026-07-12T07:28:10","modified_gmt":"2026-07-12T04:28:10","slug":"uk-uachomu-choloviki-chastishe-natikajutsja-na-stinu-ru-rupochemu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/uk-uachomu-choloviki-chastishe-natikajutsja-na-stinu-ru-rupochemu\/","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d mu\u017ei \u010dast\u011bji \u201enaraz\u00ed do zdi\u201c"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u011bh je bolestiv\u00fd. Na 20. m\u00edli se bolest je\u0161t\u011b zhor\u0161\u00ed. V maratonu je ur\u010dit\u00fd bod, kdy se v\u0161echno rozpadne. B\u011b\u017eci tomu \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed \u201enara\u017een\u00ed do zdi\u201c nebo jednodu\u0161e \u201ebonking\u201c. T\u011blu doch\u00e1zej\u00ed z\u00e1soby glykogenu. Ty sam\u00e9 nahromad\u011bn\u00e9 sacharidy zmiz\u00ed. Dostavuje se t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 \u00fanava. Tempo kles\u00e1. Je to nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9. <\/p>\n

Nov\u00e1 studie ukazuje, \u017ee mu\u017ei to za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed dvakr\u00e1t \u010dast\u011bji ne\u017e \u017eeny. <\/p>\n

Data jsou ve velk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. Anal\u00fdzy se z\u00fa\u010dastnilo osm set tis\u00edc b\u011b\u017ec\u016f. Bav\u00edme se o Berl\u00ednsk\u00e9m maratonu na obdob\u00ed 1995 a\u017e 2025. Hodn\u011b asfaltu. Studie byla ned\u00e1vno publikov\u00e1na v \u010dasopise Scientific Reports<\/em>. V\u011bdci definovali \u201ebanku\u201c matematicky: pokud jste b\u011b\u017eeli druhou polovinu z\u00e1vodu o 20 procent pomaleji ne\u017e prvn\u00ed, pak jste \u201enaklon\u011bni\u201c. Pozitivn\u00ed rozd\u011blen\u00ed. Rozpozn\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161patn\u00e9 strategie. <\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky byly st\u0159\u00edzliv\u00e9. Mu\u017ei m\u011bli dvakr\u00e1t v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost p\u00e1du. Ne m\u00e1lo, ale dvakr\u00e1t tolik. A \u010d\u00edm rychleji mu\u017ei b\u011b\u017eeli, t\u00edm to bylo hor\u0161\u00ed. Chl\u00e1pek, kter\u00fd ub\u011bhl maraton pod t\u0159i hodiny? Je \u0161estkr\u00e1t pravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee sel\u017ee, ne\u017e \u017eena s podobn\u00fdm sk\u00f3re. T\u0159i hodiny jsou nejrychlej\u0161\u00ed \u010das na kvalifikaci do Bostonu pro mu\u017ee. U \u017een se to nepova\u017euje za rychl\u00e9. <\/p>\n

To v\u00fdzkumn\u00edky p\u0159ekvapilo. Aldo Safrin z Braz\u00edlie, spoluautor \u010dl\u00e1nku, o\u010dek\u00e1val, \u017ee tato zku\u0161enost pom\u016f\u017ee. Myslel si, \u017ee elitn\u00ed mu\u017e\u0161t\u00ed b\u011b\u017eci se u\u017e tou dobou nau\u010dili, jak spr\u00e1vn\u011b rozlo\u017eit s\u00edly. <\/p>\n

\n

“O\u010dek\u00e1val jsem, \u017ee zku\u0161enosti a tr\u00e9nink tuto mezeru vyrovnaj\u00ed,” \u0159ekl Safrin. To se ale nestalo. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Glykogen je palivo. Po jej\u00edm skon\u010den\u00ed se t\u011blo p\u0159epne na spalov\u00e1n\u00ed tuk\u016f. Spalov\u00e1n\u00ed tuk\u016f je pomal\u00fd proces. Je to chaotick\u00e9. Vy\u017eaduje kysl\u00edk a trp\u011blivost. B\u011bh vy\u017eaduje rychlost. Tyto dva procesy jsou \u0161patn\u011b kompatibiln\u00ed. St\u00e1l\u00e9 tempo \u0161et\u0159\u00ed glykogen. Negativn\u00ed rozd\u011blen\u00ed pom\u00e1h\u00e1 tak\u00e9. To znamen\u00e1 nejprve b\u011b\u017eet pomaleji a pak rychleji. Mu\u017ei to d\u011blaj\u00ed jen z\u0159\u00eddka. Ze v\u0161ech sil vylet\u00ed z br\u00e1ny na startu. <\/p>\n

\n

Chyba v tempu nen\u00ed jen za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dnick\u00e1 chyba. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Ale nen\u00ed to jen o tempu. Svou roli hraje i biologie. \u017deny spaluj\u00ed tuk efektivn\u011bji. Maj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00ed kvocient. Jednoduch\u00fd p\u0159eklad: \u017deny jsou efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ve vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed tuku jako energie stabiln\u00edm tempem. <\/p>\n

Existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 svalov\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna. \u017deny maj\u00ed v\u00edce vl\u00e1ken typu 1. Pomal\u00fd. Stvo\u0159eno pro v\u00fddr\u017e. Odoln\u00e9 proti \u00fanav\u011b. Estradiol pom\u00e1h\u00e1. Tento hormon ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 sacharidy. V tomto konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm kontextu hospoda\u0159\u00ed s energi\u00ed l\u00e9pe ne\u017e testosteron. Mo\u017en\u00e1. Je\u0161t\u011b toho nev\u00edme dost. <\/p>\n

Historick\u00e1 data byla na stran\u011b mu\u017e\u016f. Fyziologie cvi\u010den\u00ed byla zalo\u017eena na mu\u017e\u00edch. Fyziologie \u017een byla druho\u0159ad\u00e1. M\u00e1me n\u011bjak\u00e9 dohady. Pot\u0159ebujeme fakta. V\u00fdkonnostn\u00ed rozd\u00edl se v ultramaratonech zu\u017euje. Del\u0161\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti. M\u00e9n\u011b v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e1 s\u00edla. V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fddr\u017e. \u017deny je doh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Pro\u010d mu\u017ei \u201ebankuj\u00ed\u201c? Je to sm\u011bs arogance a biologie. Nebo je to mo\u017en\u00e1 jen biologie, kter\u00e1 se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 pod rou\u0161kou \u0161patn\u00e9ho chodu. Kdo v\u00ed. Soubor dat byl obrovsk\u00fd, ale porozum\u011bn\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 povrchn\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum. Zejm\u00e9na ve vztahu k \u017een\u00e1m. M\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159estat vid\u011bt mu\u017esk\u00e9 vzory jako v\u00fdchoz\u00ed normu. <\/p>\n

\n

Lep\u0161\u00ed charakteristika \u017eensk\u00e9 fyziologie n\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed p\u0159ej\u00edt od jak k pro\u010d. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

St\u011bna tam st\u00e1le je. \u010cek\u00e1 na 20. m\u00edli. Nebo mo\u017en\u00e1 na 21. Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na va\u0161\u00ed strategii. Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na va\u0161em t\u011ble. Data bolest nezbav\u00ed. Vysv\u011btluj\u00ed pouze pokles s\u00edly. <\/p>\n

N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed budou tato data ignorovat. N\u011bkdo bude d\u00e1l vyl\u00e9t\u00e1vat na startu, jak nejrychleji m\u016f\u017ee. Je to jejich volba. Asfalt se nestar\u00e1 o rozd\u00edly mezi pohlav\u00edmi. Jedin\u00e9, co ho zaj\u00edm\u00e1, je rychlost. <\/p>\n

Naraz\u00edte na ze\u010f, kdy\u017e se rozhodnete, \u017ee va\u0161e energie je neomezen\u00e1. <\/p>\n

Spoiler. Nen\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u011bh je bolestiv\u00fd. Na 20. m\u00edli se bolest je\u0161t\u011b zhor\u0161\u00ed. V maratonu je ur\u010dit\u00fd bod, kdy se v\u0161echno rozpadne. B\u011b\u017eci tomu \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed \u201enara\u017een\u00ed do zdi\u201c nebo jednodu\u0161e \u201ebonking\u201c. T\u011blu doch\u00e1zej\u00ed z\u00e1soby glykogenu. Ty sam\u00e9 nahromad\u011bn\u00e9 sacharidy zmiz\u00ed. Dostavuje se t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 \u00fanava. Tempo kles\u00e1. Je to nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9. Nov\u00e1 studie ukazuje, \u017ee mu\u017ei to za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed dvakr\u00e1t \u010dast\u011bji […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7883,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7884"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7884"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7884\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7883"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7884"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7884"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7884"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}