\u010c\u00edsla vypadaj\u00ed alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed. U\u017e nen\u00ed stejn\u00e1 d\u016fv\u011bra. <\/p>\n
V\u00fdsledky mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch test\u016f z matematiky odhaluj\u00ed trend, kter\u00fd by se m\u011bl t\u00fdkat ka\u017ed\u00e9ho. D\u00edvky zaost\u00e1vaj\u00ed. V\u00e1\u017en\u011b a rychle. <\/p>\n
V roce 2023 chlapci ve \u010dtvrt\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b zem\u00ed p\u0159ekonali sv\u00e9 vrstevnice. Nebyl to t\u011bsn\u00fd z\u00e1vod. Propast, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ed pandemi\u00ed sotva existovala, se prohloubila. Co je hor\u0161\u00ed: Mezi \u017e\u00e1ky osm\u00fdch t\u0159\u00edd za\u010dali chlapci v roce 2019 exponenci\u00e1ln\u00edm zrychlen\u00edm p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat d\u00edvky. Jdeme zp\u011bt. V\u00edce ne\u017e deset let pokroku? Zmizel. <\/p>\n
Matthias Eck, programov\u00fd specialista UNESCO, poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00fadaje vypadaly povzbudiv\u011b: d\u00edvky doh\u00e1n\u011bly chlapce. <\/p>\n
\n“Ale v nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch datech vid\u00edme, \u017ee propast se op\u011bt zv\u011bt\u0161uje… co\u017e je v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd probl\u00e9m.” <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
Podobn\u00e9 trendy byly pozorov\u00e1ny ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. P\u0159ed rokem tomu nasv\u011bd\u010dovaly \u00fadaje z N\u00e1rodn\u00edho monitoringu kvality vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed (V\u00fdkaz n\u00e1roda). Probl\u00e9m je v\u0161ak glob\u00e1ln\u00ed. <\/p>\n
Studie byla provedena v r\u00e1mci TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study), kter\u00fd ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u010dty\u0159i roky hodnot\u00ed znalosti \u017e\u00e1k\u016f \u010dtvrt\u00e9ho a osm\u00e9ho ro\u010dn\u00edku. Partnerem je International Association for Educational Assessment (IEA). <\/p>\n
Ztr\u00e1ta pozic<\/h3>\n
Toto jsou prvn\u00ed data shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e1 od za\u010d\u00e1tku pandemie a \u0161kody jsou jasn\u00e9. <\/p>\n
Ve \u010dtvrt\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b dos\u00e1hli chlapci ve v\u0161ech z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch zem\u00edch 85 % \u010dasu v matematice. Jak to jde v osm\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b? V o n\u011bco v\u00edce ne\u017e polovin\u011b region\u016f, kter\u00e9 poskytly data, maj\u00ed chlapci v\u00fdraznou v\u00fdhodu. V \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m kraji nen\u00ed situace pro d\u00edvky p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e1. Ani ve \u010dtvrt\u00e9, ani v osm\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b. <\/p>\n
Pro\u010d se to stalo? Eka m\u00e1 hypot\u00e9zu. Dlouh\u00e9 zav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161kol vedlo k velk\u00fdm znalostn\u00edm mezer\u00e1m. Naru\u0161en\u00ed u\u010den\u00ed nepostihlo v\u0161echny stejn\u011b. Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b prohloubily ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00ed nerovnosti. Nejh\u016f\u0159e byly zasa\u017eeny d\u00edvky, kter\u00fdm hroz\u00ed n\u00edzk\u00e9 studijn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky. Dlouho mimo \u0161kolu \u010dlov\u011bka zm\u011bn\u00ed. To mo\u017en\u00e1 podkopalo m\u00e9 sebev\u011bdom\u00ed. To je jen hypot\u00e9za. <\/p>\n
Je\u0161t\u011b hor\u0161\u00ed je ale situace mezi studenty se slab\u00fdmi v\u00fdsledky. <\/p>\n
Propast se zv\u011bt\u0161uje mezi studenty, kte\u0159\u00ed nedos\u00e1hli z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b znalost\u00ed (zb\u011bhlosti v p\u0159edm\u011btu). Ve \u010dtvrt\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b se d\u011bv\u010data tr\u00e1p\u00ed v\u00edc ne\u017e kdy p\u0159edt\u00edm. V osm\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b se rozd\u00edl ve v\u00fdsledc\u00edch technicky zu\u017euje. Po\u010det zem\u00ed, kde jsou na tom d\u00edvky h\u016f\u0159e ne\u017e chlapci, v\u0161ak rychle p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1. <\/p>\n
V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci jsou opatrn\u00ed: vytvo\u0159it vztah p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny a n\u00e1sledku je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9. D\u016fle\u017eitou roli v\u0161ak hraj\u00ed stereotypy. <\/p>\n
Eck tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee chlapci a d\u00edvky maj\u00ed stejn\u00e9 schopnosti. V\u00fdsledky se li\u0161\u00ed v d\u016fsledku stereotyp\u016f, o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed u\u010ditel\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch faktor\u016f zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00fdch ve stejn\u00e9 zaujatosti. <\/p>\n
T\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed<\/h3>\n
UNESCO vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 k akci. Organizace pot\u0159ebuje vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed syst\u00e9my, aby p\u0159ehodnotily sv\u00e9 strategie spravedlnosti, zejm\u00e9na u mlad\u0161\u00edch student\u016f. <\/p>\n
Matematika nen\u00ed jen \u0161koln\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bt. To je kl\u00ed\u010d, kter\u00fd otev\u00edr\u00e1 dve\u0159e ke kari\u00e9\u0159e STEM (v\u011bda, technologie, in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed a matematika). Tyto oblasti jsou hnac\u00ed silou inovac\u00ed, technologick\u00e9ho pokroku a hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho r\u016fstu. Pokud d\u00edvk\u00e1m odep\u0159eme p\u0159\u00edstup do t\u011bchto oblast\u00ed, ztr\u00e1c\u00edme talent. V obrovsk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. <\/p>\n
Jak tedy situaci napravit? <\/p>\n
Neexistuje zde \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd jednoduch\u00fd p\u0159ep\u00edna\u010d. <\/p>\n
Je vy\u017eadov\u00e1no spole\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d vl\u00e1dn\u00ed politikou, m\u00edstn\u00edmi komunitami, rodinami a t\u0159\u00eddami. Je t\u0159eba zni\u010dit stereotypy, kter\u00e9 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee d\u00edvky \u201enejsou na matematiku\u201c. <\/p>\n
Okno p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti je mal\u00e9. <\/p>\n
Ek obrac\u00ed svou pozornost ke \u010dtvrt\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b, dev\u011bt a\u017e deset let. Tady za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 roztr\u017eka. <\/p>\n
\n“Akce mus\u00ed za\u010d\u00edt pom\u011brn\u011b brzy… a mus\u00ed b\u00fdt velmi c\u00edlen\u00e1.” <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
Pokud budeme \u010dekat, bude p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 pozd\u011b. Mo\u017en\u00e1 budeme muset p\u0159ehodnotit samotn\u00fd koncept sebev\u011bdom\u00ed v matematice pro dev\u00edtiletou d\u00edvku ve sv\u011bt\u011b, kter\u00fd j\u00ed st\u00e1le \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee je \u201ejin\u00e1\u201c. <\/p>\n
Mo\u017en\u00e1 je opravdu jin\u00e1. <\/p>\n
Ale \u010d\u00edsla nel\u017eou.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u010c\u00edsla vypadaj\u00ed alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed. U\u017e nen\u00ed stejn\u00e1 d\u016fv\u011bra. V\u00fdsledky mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch test\u016f z matematiky odhaluj\u00ed trend, kter\u00fd by se m\u011bl t\u00fdkat ka\u017ed\u00e9ho. D\u00edvky zaost\u00e1vaj\u00ed. V\u00e1\u017en\u011b a rychle. V roce 2023 chlapci ve \u010dtvrt\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b zem\u00ed p\u0159ekonali sv\u00e9 vrstevnice. Nebyl to t\u011bsn\u00fd z\u00e1vod. Propast, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ed pandemi\u00ed sotva existovala, se prohloubila. Co je hor\u0161\u00ed: Mezi \u017e\u00e1ky […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7901,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7902"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7902"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7902\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7901"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7902"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7902"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7902"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}