{"id":7980,"date":"2026-08-05T14:28:47","date_gmt":"2026-08-05T11:28:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/porjatunok-teleskopa-swift-chomu-misija-link-pishla-ne-za-planom\/"},"modified":"2026-08-05T14:28:47","modified_gmt":"2026-08-05T11:28:47","slug":"porjatunok-teleskopa-swift-chomu-misija-link-pishla-ne-za-planom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/zachrana-dalekohledu-swift-proc-se-mise-link-pokazila\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1chrana dalekohledu Swift: Pro\u010d se mise LINK pokazila?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mise na z\u00e1chranu st\u00e1rnouc\u00edho vesm\u00edrn\u00e9ho dalekohledu NASA \u010del\u00ed velk\u00e9 krizi. <\/p>\n

Lo\u010f vyslan\u00e1 na jeho pomoc byla sama v probl\u00e9mech. <\/p>\n

Tohle se nem\u011blo st\u00e1t. Pl\u00e1n byl jednoduch\u00fd: servisn\u00ed vozidlo Lightweight In-Space Navigation and Kinometrics (LINK)<\/em> obsad\u00ed Swift Observatory. Neila Gehrelse<\/em> (NASA), zvedn\u011bte ji na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu a dejte j\u00ed n\u011bkolik let \u017eivota nav\u00edc. M\u00edsto toho se LINK za\u010dal ot\u00e1\u010det, ztratil kontakt a dva ze t\u0159\u00ed jeho setrva\u010dn\u00edk\u016f selhaly. Nav\u00edc je vadn\u00fd jeden ze syst\u00e9m\u016f proudov\u00e9ho motoru. <\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed zachr\u00e1nce pot\u0159ebuje zachr\u00e1nce. <\/p>\n

Pro\u010d se z\u00e1chrana observato\u0159e Swift nezda\u0159ila<\/h3>\n

Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed LINK bylo vyvinuto v rekordn\u00edm \u010dase. Startup Katalyst Space Technologies v Arizon\u011b uzav\u0159el smlouvu v lednu a za\u010d\u00e1tkem \u010dervence uvedl na trh sv\u00e9 vozidlo za 30 milion\u016f dolar\u016f. Cel\u00fd projekt trval pouh\u00fdch dev\u011bt m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. <\/p>\n

Museli jednat tak rychle, proto\u017ee Swift um\u00edral. <\/p>\n

Slune\u010dn\u00ed aktivita se zv\u00fd\u0161ila. Teplo ze slunce oh\u0159\u00edvalo zemskou atmosf\u00e9ru kolem dru\u017eice a vytv\u00e1\u0159elo nadm\u011brn\u00fd aerodynamick\u00fd odpor. Dr\u00e1ha ve v\u00fd\u0161ce 350 kilometr\u016f za\u010dala klesat rychleji, ne\u017e se o\u010dek\u00e1valo. NASA minul\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc pozastavila v\u011bdeck\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. Bez z\u00e1sahu Swift letos sho\u0159\u00ed v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e. Je to jeden z nejproduktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dalekohled\u016f v historii, kter\u00fd detekuje z\u00e1blesky gama z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a rychle ot\u00e1\u010d\u00ed sv\u00e9 ultrafialov\u00e9, optick\u00e9 a rentgenov\u00e9 senzory tak, aby zachytily kosmick\u00e9 exploze, kdy\u017e sl\u00e1bnou. <\/p>\n

P\u0159esn\u011b tohle m\u011bl LINK opravit. <\/p>\n

Na palub\u011b byly t\u0159i robotick\u00e9 pa\u017ee. C\u00edlem bylo setkat se s observato\u0159\u00ed, zachytit ji a pou\u017e\u00edt xenonov\u00e9 trysky k jej\u00edmu zvednut\u00ed na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu. Ne\u017e se v\u0161ak LINK sta\u010dil p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit Swift, syst\u00e9m se zhroutil. <\/p>\n

Pro\u010d je selh\u00e1n\u00ed setrva\u010dn\u00edku kritick\u00e9<\/h3>\n

Probl\u00e9my za\u010daly o v\u00edkendu. LINK ji\u017e pro\u0161el d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdmi testovac\u00edmi f\u00e1zemi: sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely byly otev\u0159eny, motory byly testov\u00e1ny po zapnut\u00ed. Pak se lo\u010f \u201ezhroutila\u201c. Doslova. <\/p>\n

Podle NASA se LINK za\u010dal nekontrolovateln\u011b to\u010dit. Spojen\u00ed bylo do\u010dasn\u011b p\u0159eru\u0161eno. <\/p>\n

Setrva\u010dn\u00edky (reak\u010dn\u00ed kola) zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed stabilizaci orientace kosmick\u00e9 lodi. V podstat\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o gyroskopy. Pokud p\u0159estanou fungovat, nelze lo\u010f oto\u010dit ani udr\u017eet v po\u017eadovan\u00e9 poloze. Prost\u011b se to\u010d\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Dva ze t\u0159\u00ed setrva\u010dn\u00edk\u016f nefunguj\u00ed. T\u0159et\u00ed funguje s obt\u00ed\u017eemi. Drobn\u00e9 motory ur\u010den\u00e9 pro p\u0159esnou navigaci tak\u00e9 ztratily funk\u010dnost. <\/p>\n

\n

“Mise z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 aktivn\u00ed… Nad\u00e1le v\u011b\u0159\u00edme, \u017ee vzhledem k t\u011bmto zm\u011bn\u00e1m m\u00e1 LINK sch\u016fdnou cestu k setk\u00e1n\u00ed se [Swift].”
\n– Katalyst Space Technologies<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Nen\u00ed to jen o jednom dalekohledu. LINK je prototyp. Testuje hypot\u00e9zu o tom, zda roboti dok\u00e1\u017eou udr\u017eovat satelity, kter\u00e9 nebyly p\u016fvodn\u011b ur\u010deny k oprav\u011b ve vesm\u00edru. D\u0159\u00edve to vy\u017eadovalo astronauty. Raketopl\u00e1ny provedly p\u011bt let\u016f na opravu HST. Byla to ru\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, pln\u00e1 rizika, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 intuice, kdy\u017e nastaly ne\u010dekan\u00e9 situace. <\/p>\n

LINK je test schopnosti autonomn\u00edch robot\u016f fungovat. Pokud LINK sel\u017ee, zem\u0159e s n\u00ed budoucnost vesm\u00edrn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb? <\/p>\n

Bude Katalyst schopen stabilizovat LINK na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze?<\/h3>\n

Firma se sna\u017e\u00ed rotaci zastavit pomoc\u00ed zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch xenonov\u00fdch motor\u016f. Podle Katalystu po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed man\u00e9vry prob\u00edhaj\u00ed dob\u0159e. Rychl\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v\u0161ak ne\u010dekejte. Stabilizace bude trvat n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed. <\/p>\n

I kdy\u017e se LINK p\u0159estane ot\u00e1\u010det, \u00fakol je\u0161t\u011b nen\u00ed dokon\u010den. <\/p>\n

Spole\u010dnost pl\u00e1nuje p\u0159epsat software, aby obch\u00e1zel po\u0161kozen\u00fd hardware. Teprve pak budou schopni posoudit, zda je lo\u010f dostate\u010dn\u011b zdrav\u00e1, aby se ke Swiftu p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eila. Swift nebyl navr\u017een pro zachycen\u00ed jin\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm. Je to k\u0159ehk\u00fd c\u00edl v nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9m vesm\u00edrn\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Jak\u00fdkoli pokus o p\u0159evzet\u00ed je nyn\u00ed zpo\u017ed\u011bn minim\u00e1ln\u011b o n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f. <\/p>\n

Na tomto zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed. U\u017eite\u010dnost Swiftu se bude zvy\u0161ovat. Spou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed se nov\u00e9 observato\u0159e pro pr\u016fzkum oblohy. Observato\u0159 Vera C. Rubin<\/em> m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed na ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu v Chile. Na obzoru se objevuje vesm\u00edrn\u00fd dalekohled NASA Nancy Grace Roman<\/em>. Budou detekovat p\u0159echodn\u00e9 kosmick\u00e9 jevy. To vy\u017eaduje Swift, kter\u00fd se dok\u00e1\u017ee rychle oto\u010dit a zachytit sv\u011btlo. <\/p>\n

Pokud LINK nedok\u00e1\u017ee zachr\u00e1nit Swift, p\u0159ijdeme o kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd n\u00e1stroj pro astrofyziku. Pokud LINK zcela sel\u017ee, ztrat\u00edme d\u016fv\u011bru v robotickou slu\u017ebu. <\/p>\n

Katalyst \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee st\u00e1le existuje cesta k \u00fasp\u011bchu. Ve vesm\u00edru je v\u0161ak hranice mezi p\u0159e\u017eit\u00edm a zp\u016fsoben\u00edm trosek velmi tenk\u00e1. Setrva\u010dn\u00edky jsou tich\u00e9. Motory b\u011b\u017e\u00ed napr\u00e1zdno bez u\u017eitku. Uvid\u00edme, jestli se lo\u010f poda\u0159\u00ed udr\u017eet.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mise na z\u00e1chranu st\u00e1rnouc\u00edho vesm\u00edrn\u00e9ho dalekohledu NASA \u010del\u00ed velk\u00e9 krizi. Lo\u010f vyslan\u00e1 na jeho pomoc byla sama v probl\u00e9mech. Tohle se nem\u011blo st\u00e1t. Pl\u00e1n byl jednoduch\u00fd: servisn\u00ed vozidlo Lightweight In-Space Navigation and Kinometrics (LINK) obsad\u00ed Swift Observatory. Neila Gehrelse (NASA), zvedn\u011bte ji na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu a dejte j\u00ed n\u011bkolik let \u017eivota nav\u00edc. M\u00edsto toho […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7979,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"wpm_language_slugs":{"cs":"zachrana-dalekohledu-swift-proc-se-mise-link-pokazila","de":"scheitert-die-rettung-des-swift-teleskops-der-nasa-warum-katalyst-link","en":"is-the-rescue-of-nasas-swift-telescope-failing-why-katalyst-link-has","es":"esta-fracasando-el-rescate-del-telescopio-swift-de-la-nasa-por-que","fr":"le-sauvetage-du-telescope-swift-de-la-nasa-est-il-un-echec-pourquoi","id":"apakah-penyelamatan-teleskop-swift-nasa-gagal-mengapa-katalyst-link","it":"il-salvataggio-del-telescopio-swift-della-nasa-sta-fallendo-perche","nl":"mislukt-de-redding-van-nasas-swift-telescoop-waarom-katalyst-link-de","pl":"ratowanie-teleskopu-swift-dlaczego-misja-link-poszla-nie-tak","pt":"o-resgate-do-telescopio-swift-da-nasa-esta-falhando-por-que-o-katalyst","ru-ru":"spasenie-teleskopa-swift-pochemu-missija-link-poshla-ne-po-planu","uk-ua":"porjatunok-teleskopa-swift-chomu-misija-link-pishla-ne-za-planom"},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7980"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7980"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7980\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7979"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7980"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7980"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7980"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}