V\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bmeck\u00e1 abeceda je pouze kopi\u00ed anglick\u00e9 abecedy. To je \u0161patn\u011b. P\u0159esto\u017ee vych\u00e1z\u00ed ze stejn\u00e9ho latinsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kladu, m\u00e1 v\u00edce p\u00edsmen. Celkem jich je 30. Zn\u00e1te standardn\u00edch 26 p\u00edsmen. Ale pak p\u0159ijdou \u010dty\u0159i dal\u0161\u00ed postavy, kter\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm mluv\u00edte a p\u00ed\u0161ete. <\/p>\n
Tyto dopl\u0148kov\u00e9 znaky nejsou jen dekorace. P\u0159edstavuj\u00ed zvuky, kter\u00e9 v angli\u010dtin\u011b prost\u011b neexistuj\u00ed. Pokud se sna\u017e\u00edte pochopit, jak funguje n\u011bmeck\u00e1 abeceda<\/strong>, ignorov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto \u010dty\u0159 znak\u016f je chyba. Jsou t\u00edm, co odli\u0161uje \u0159e\u010d turisty od \u0159e\u010di m\u00edstn\u00edho obyvatele. <\/p>\n Prvn\u00ed t\u0159i p\u0159\u00edr\u016fstky vypadaj\u00ed, jako by na nich plavaly mal\u00e9 te\u010dky. Lingvist\u00e9 jim \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed p\u0159ehl\u00e1sky<\/strong>. V n\u011bm\u010din\u011b se p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed jako \u00e4<\/em>, \u00f6<\/em> a \u00fc<\/em>. <\/p>\n Zvuk \u00e4<\/em> je z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u00fd. Nen\u00ed to jako dlouh\u00e9 a<\/em> v “dortu”. Bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se kr\u00e1tk\u00e9mu e<\/em> v “bet”. M\u00edrn\u011b otev\u0159ete \u00fasta a vyd\u00e1te zvuk vzadu v krku. <\/p>\n Zvuk \u00f6<\/em> vy\u017eaduje v\u00edce pr\u00e1ce rt\u016f. P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 zvuk v britsk\u00e9 v\u00fdslovnosti slova \u201ebird\u201c. Va\u0161e rty by se m\u011bly zakulatit, jako byste p\u00edskali, ale v\u00e1\u0161 jazyk z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 ploch\u00fd a uvoln\u011bn\u00fd. Toto je samohl\u00e1ska, kter\u00e1 spad\u00e1 n\u011bkde mezi o<\/em> a e<\/em>. <\/p>\n Zvuk \u00fc<\/em> je pro anglicky mluv\u00edc\u00ed nejobt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zvuk. Za\u010dnete t\u00edm, \u017ee zakulat\u00edte rty stejn\u011b jako p\u0159i vysloven\u00ed anglick\u00e9ho u<\/em> ve slov\u011b \u201eput\u201c. Pak, ani\u017e byste zm\u011bnili tvar rt\u016f, se pokus\u00edte vyslovit ee<\/em>, jako v “vid\u011bt”. Nap\u00edn\u00e1\u0161 jazyk. V\u00fdsledkem je vysok\u00e1 a napjat\u00e1 samohl\u00e1ska, kter\u00e1 se t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem nepou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m jin\u00e9m evropsk\u00e9m jazyce. <\/p>\n \u010ctvrt\u00e9 p\u00edsmeno je m\u00edsto, kde to za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 b\u00fdt zaj\u00edmav\u00e9. Toto je \u00df<\/em>. <\/p>\n Nem\u00e1 pointu. Vypad\u00e1 to jako zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed ligatura, sm\u011bs dvou p\u00edsmen. Historicky poch\u00e1z\u00ed z kombinace s<\/em> a z<\/em>. Dnes j\u00ed \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me Escett<\/strong>. <\/p>\n Kdy\u017e to uvid\u00edte ve slov\u011b, vyslov\u00edte to jako ostr\u00e9 dvojit\u00e9 s<\/em>. Nikdy nezn\u00ed jemn\u011b. Pokud si p\u0159e\u010dtete n\u00e1pis v Berl\u00edn\u011b nebo Hamburku a uvid\u00edte slovo Stra\u00dfe<\/em>, ne\u0159eknete \u201eStrasse\u201c s p\u00ed\u0161\u0165alkou. Vyslovujete to s t\u00edm z\u0159eteln\u00fdm dvojit\u00fdm s<\/em> zvukem. Dopis nese v\u00e1hu. Ozna\u010duje dlouhou samohl\u00e1sku p\u0159ed sebou. <\/p>\n Znalost po\u010dtu p\u00edsmen je pouze prvn\u00edm krokem. Skute\u010dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve v\u00fdslovnosti. 30. p\u00edsmeno nen\u00ed jen znak nav\u00edc; je str\u00e1\u017ecem p\u0159esn\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di. <\/p>\n Mnoho student\u016f se pt\u00e1, v jak\u00e9m po\u0159ad\u00ed se tato p\u00edsmena u\u010dit. Za\u010dn\u011bte s p\u0159ehl\u00e1skami. Neust\u00e1le se objevuj\u00ed ve vysokofrekven\u010dn\u00edch slovech jako M\u00e4dchen<\/em> nebo sch\u00f6n<\/em>. \u00df<\/em> je m\u00e9n\u011b b\u011b\u017en\u00e9, ale pro \u010dten\u00ed n\u00e1zv\u016f ulic a star\u00fdch text\u016f je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed. <\/p>\n Struktura je jednoduch\u00e1. 26 z\u00e1kladn\u00edch p\u00edsmen. 4 modifik\u00e1tory. Ale jejich kombinace vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed fonetick\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd je mnohem specifi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ten anglick\u00fd. Nem\u016f\u017eete uhodnout zvuk \u00e4<\/em> pohledem na a<\/em>. Mus\u00edte se to nau\u010dit. Mus\u00edte to sly\u0161et. <\/p>\n Jakmile p\u0159ijmete fakt, \u017ee se abeceda roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila, jazyk za\u010dne d\u00e1vat v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed smysl. Body<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" V\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bmeck\u00e1 abeceda je pouze kopi\u00ed anglick\u00e9 abecedy. To je \u0161patn\u011b. P\u0159esto\u017ee vych\u00e1z\u00ed ze stejn\u00e9ho latinsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kladu, m\u00e1 v\u00edce p\u00edsmen. Celkem jich je 30. Zn\u00e1te standardn\u00edch 26 p\u00edsmen. Ale pak p\u0159ijdou \u010dty\u0159i dal\u0161\u00ed postavy, kter\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm mluv\u00edte a p\u00ed\u0161ete. Tyto dopl\u0148kov\u00e9 znaky nejsou jen dekorace. P\u0159edstavuj\u00ed zvuky, kter\u00e9 v angli\u010dtin\u011b […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"wpm_language_slugs":{"cs":"pochopeni-30-pismen-nemecke-abecedy","de":"die-30-buchstaben-des-deutschen-alphabets-verstehen","en":"understanding-the-30-letters-of-the-german-alphabet","es":"entendiendo-las-30-letras-del-alfabeto-aleman","fr":"comprendre-les-30-lettres-de-lalphabet-allemand","id":"memahami-30-huruf-alfabet-jerman","it":"comprendere-le-30-lettere-dellalfabeto-tedesco","nl":"de-30-letters-van-het-duitse-alfabet-begrijpen","pl":"zrozumienie-30-liter-alfabetu-niemieckiego","pt":"compreendendo-as-30-letras-do-alfabeto-alemao","ru-ru":"ponimanie-30-bukv-nemetskogo-alfavita","uk-ua":"rozuminnja-30-bukv-nimetskogo-alfavitu"},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8000"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8000"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8000\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8000"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8000"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8000"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}T\u0159i p\u0159ehl\u00e1sky<\/h3>\n
Akutn\u00ed S<\/h3>\n
Pro\u010d je to pro studenty d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9<\/h3>\n