V\u0161echno to za\u010dalo v Edinburghu. T\u0159i svazky. Mezera na trhu, kter\u00e1 by nakonec definovala referen\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci pro nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed stalet\u00ed. Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica je nejstar\u0161\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 anglick\u00e1 encyklopedie, kter\u00e1 dodnes existuje, i kdy\u017e jej\u00ed fyzick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost ti\u0161e zmizela z modern\u00edch knihoven. Prvn\u00ed ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed vy\u0161lo v letech 1768 a\u017e 1771. Bylo skromn\u00e9. Rostlo to. Ve 20. stolet\u00ed se stala glob\u00e1ln\u00ed instituc\u00ed. <\/p>\n
V\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed dnes mluv\u00ed o Britannice, mluv\u00ed o historii. Zejm\u00e9na se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed dev\u00e1t\u00e9ho vyd\u00e1n\u00ed (1875\u20131889) a jeden\u00e1ct\u00e9ho (1910\u20131911). Dev\u00e1t\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed bylo zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako \u201eencyklopedie v\u011bdc\u016f\u201c. Obsahov\u011b to bylo hutn\u00e9. Bylo to sm\u011brodatn\u00e9. Jeden\u00e1ct\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed ale zm\u011bnilo pravidla hry. <\/p>\n
Za \u00fa\u010dasti v\u00edce ne\u017e 1500 sv\u011btov\u011b uzn\u00e1van\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f u\u010dinil 11. ro\u010dn\u00edk na svou dobu radik\u00e1ln\u00ed krok. Rozd\u011blil tato masivn\u00ed, souvisl\u00e1 pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed na krat\u0161\u00ed, konkr\u00e9tn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky. Tato struktura zp\u0159\u00edstupnila znalosti. Stanovilo standard pro to, jak dnes organizujeme informace. <\/p>\n
Rychle vp\u0159ed do roku 1974. Encyklopedie Britannica vydala sv\u00e9 15. vyd\u00e1n\u00ed. Nebyl to jen nov\u00fd obal. Byla to struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bna. Vydavatel\u00e9 rozd\u011blili obsah do dvou samostatn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed. Velk\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky na \u0161irok\u00e1 t\u00e9mata st\u00e1ly odd\u011blen\u011b. Krat\u0161\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky byly seskupeny. Velk\u00e1 aktualizace n\u00e1sledovala v roce 1985.<\/p>\n
Tento form\u00e1t vydr\u017eel a\u017e do roku 2012. Pak zanikl. Tiskov\u00e1 verze byla ukon\u010dena. Spole\u010dnost ji\u017e zm\u011bnila sv\u00e9 zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. <\/p>\n
Mo\u017en\u00e1 si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed encyklopedie za\u010d\u00ednaly Wikipedi\u00ed. Neza\u010dali. Britannica vstoupila do digit\u00e1ln\u00edho sv\u011bta brzy. CD verze se objevily na po\u010d\u00e1tku 90. let. Pak se objevil internet. <\/p>\n
V roce 1994 Britannica p\u0159edstavila prvn\u00ed internetovou encyklopedii. Nejednalo se o \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd men\u0161\u00ed upgrade. Byl to strategick\u00fd obrat. Na po\u010d\u00e1tku 21. stolet\u00ed se online verze stala hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem cel\u00e9 operace. Tiskov\u00e1 publikace se stala druho\u0159adou. Pak to ztratilo relevanci. Pak se to stalo zastaral\u00fdm. <\/p>\n
Majitel\u00e9 se mnohokr\u00e1t m\u011bnili. Jedn\u00edm z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch okam\u017eik\u016f byl rok 1901. Ameri\u010dt\u00ed nakladatel\u00e9 koupili encyklopedii. Dnes redakce s\u00eddl\u00ed v Chicagu. Odtud koordinuj\u00ed pr\u00e1ci se spolupracovn\u00edky rozeset\u00fdmi po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Zna\u010dka z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1. Form\u00e1t se zm\u011bnil. Ov\u011b\u0159ovac\u00ed mise pokra\u010duje, jen bez velk\u00fdch ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch svazk\u016f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
V\u0161echno to za\u010dalo v Edinburghu. T\u0159i svazky. Mezera na trhu, kter\u00e1 by nakonec definovala referen\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci pro nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed stalet\u00ed. Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica je nejstar\u0161\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 anglick\u00e1 encyklopedie, kter\u00e1 dodnes existuje, i kdy\u017e jej\u00ed fyzick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost ti\u0161e zmizela z modern\u00edch knihoven. Prvn\u00ed ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed vy\u0161lo v letech 1768 a\u017e 1771. Bylo skromn\u00e9. Rostlo to. Ve 20. stolet\u00ed […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8054,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"wpm_language_slugs":{"cs":"vyvoj-encyklopedie-britannica-od-tistene-k-digitalni","de":"die-entwicklung-der-encyclopaedia-britannica-vom-druck-zum-digitalen","en":"the-evolution-of-the-encyclopaedia-britannica-from-print-to-digital","es":"la-evolucion-de-la-encyclopaedia-britannica-de-lo-impreso-a-lo-digital","fr":"levolution-de-lencyclopaedia-britannica-de-limprime-au-numerique","id":"evolusi-the-encyclopaedia-britannica-dari-cetak-ke-digital","it":"levoluzione-dellenciclopedia-britannica-dalla-stampa-al-digitale","nl":"de-evolutie-van-de-encyclopaedia-britannica-van-print-naar-digitaal","pl":"ewolucja-encyklopedii-britannica-od-druku-do-wersji-cyfrowej","pt":"a-evolucao-da-enciclopedia-britanica-do-impresso-ao-digital","ru-ru":"evoljutsija-britanskoj-entsiklopedii-ot-pechatnyh-izdanij-k-tsifrovym","uk-ua":"evoljutsija-britanskoyi-entsiklopediyi-vid-drukovanih-vidan-do"},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8069"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8069"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8069\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8054"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8069"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8069"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8069"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}