Bloomova taxonomie zm\u011bnila zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm mluv\u00edme o vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Nevytvo\u0159ilo to jen m\u00f3dn\u00ed slovo. U\u010ditel\u016fm a student\u016fm to dalo spole\u010dn\u00fd jazyk k zamy\u0161len\u00ed nad t\u00edm, jak u\u010den\u00ed vlastn\u011b vypad\u00e1. <\/p>\n
Toto hnut\u00ed vedl Benjamin Bloom, americk\u00fd pedagogick\u00fd psycholog. S touto prac\u00ed za\u010dal v roce 1949. V roce 1956 on a t\u00fdm expert\u016f na hodnocen\u00ed publikovali sv\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky. Kniha se jmenovala Taxonomie vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edch c\u00edl\u016f: Klasifikace vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edch c\u00edl\u016f, P\u0159\u00edru\u010dka 1: Kognitivn\u00ed dom\u00e9na. <\/p>\n
V\u00fdsledek byl okam\u017eit\u00fd. Pedagogov\u00e9 maj\u00ed kone\u010dn\u011b zp\u016fsob, jak sladit c\u00edle s u\u010debn\u00edmi osnovami. Mohli by vzt\u00e1hnout hodnocen\u00ed ke konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm v\u00fdsledk\u016fm. Struktura pomohla vyvinout vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed aktivity, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1valy smysl. <\/p>\n
Bloomova taxonomie poskytla spole\u010dn\u00fd slovn\u00edk. Standardizoval zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm definujeme vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed c\u00edle. Toto zarovn\u00e1n\u00ed je st\u00e1le kl\u00ed\u010dovou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u00fdukov\u00e9ho designu. <\/p>\n
Tento koncept nez\u016fstal statick\u00fd. Pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed teoretici p\u016fvodn\u00ed model revidovali. Zm\u011bnila se hierarchie. Slovesa byla zm\u011bn\u011bna. Ale hlavn\u00ed vliv z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 stejn\u00fd. <\/p>\n
Bloom z\u016fstal vlivnou postavou po cel\u00fd sv\u016fj \u017eivot. Z\u016fstal \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed postavou americk\u00e9 pedagogiky. Jen m\u00e1lo v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f m\u011blo tak hlubok\u00fd dopad na vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed praxi. <\/p>\n
\nBloomova taxonomie poskytla strukturu pro v\u00fdukov\u00e9 aktivity a u\u010debn\u00ed osnovy a podpo\u0159ila spole\u010dnou slovn\u00ed z\u00e1sobu pro p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed o v\u00fdukov\u00fdch c\u00edlech. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
P\u016fvodn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edru\u010dka se zam\u011b\u0159ila na kognitivn\u00ed oblast. Vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed c\u00edle za\u0159azoval do konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch \u00farovn\u00ed. Tento klasifika\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m umo\u017e\u0148oval p\u0159esn\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. U\u010ditel\u00e9 p\u0159esn\u011b vid\u011bli, na jak\u00e9 \u00farovni student je. <\/p>\n
Pr\u00e1ce za\u010daly v roce 1949. Dokon\u010den\u00ed trvalo sedm let. Datum publikace: 1956. Toto obdob\u00ed ukazuje hloubku v\u00fdzkumu. Nebylo to rychl\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Tohle byl z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum. <\/p>\n
Bloom shrom\u00e1\u017edil hodnotitele. Na definov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto c\u00edl\u016f spolupracovali. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 byla spolupr\u00e1ce. Zajistila praktickou pou\u017eitelnost taxonomie, nejen jej\u00ed teoretickou platnost. <\/p>\n
Dopad na americk\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed byl hlubok\u00fd. To poskytlo zp\u016fsob, jak sladit vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed c\u00edle. Pomoc\u00ed t\u00e9to struktury by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 sestavit u\u010debn\u00ed pl\u00e1ny od nuly. \u00dakoly hodnocen\u00ed by mohly b\u00fdt navr\u017eeny tak, aby testovaly specifick\u00e9 kognitivn\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b. <\/p>\n
Pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed revidovali taxonomii. Odr\u00e1\u017eely nov\u00e9 ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed u\u010den\u00ed. Ale Bloom\u016fv p\u016fvodn\u00ed vhled z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nezm\u011bn\u011bn. Pot\u0159eba spole\u010dn\u00e9 slovn\u00ed z\u00e1soby z\u016fstala. <\/p>\n
Z\u016fstal vlivnou postavou a\u017e do konce sv\u00fdch dn\u016f. Jeho pr\u00e1ce polo\u017eila z\u00e1klady modern\u00edho v\u00fdukov\u00e9ho designu. Dnes pedagogov\u00e9 st\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jeho koncept. Je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed lekc\u00ed. Je p\u0159\u00edtomen ve v\u00fdvoji standardizovan\u00fdch test\u016f. <\/p>\n
P\u016fvodn\u00ed pr\u016fvodce je dnes historick\u00fdm dokumentem. Ale jeho z\u00e1sady \u017eij\u00ed d\u00e1l. Formuj\u00ed to, jak u\u010d\u00edme. Ur\u010duj\u00ed, jak hodnot\u00edme. <\/p>\n
Bloomova taxonomie p\u0159isp\u011bla k rozvoji spole\u010dn\u00e9 slovn\u00ed z\u00e1soby. Zrodilo to zp\u016fsob koordinace c\u00edl\u016f. Poskytla strukturu. Zm\u011bnila krajinu. <\/p>\n
Jen m\u00e1lo teoretik\u016f m\u011blo tak trval\u00fd dopad. Pr\u00e1ce za\u010daly v roce 1949. Skon\u010dily v roce 1956. Ale d\u011bdictv\u00ed pokra\u010duje.<\/p>\n
Co se stane, kdy\u017e p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00edme kognitivn\u00ed oblast? Koncept se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il. Byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny afektivn\u00ed a psychomotorick\u00e9 dom\u00e9ny. Taxonomie se rozrostla. Ale hlavn\u00ed ot\u00e1zka z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 stejn\u00e1. Jak m\u011b\u0159\u00edme u\u010den\u00ed? <\/p>\n
Bloom odpov\u011bd\u011bl. Poskytl n\u00e1m n\u00e1stroje. Zbytek je historie. <\/p>\n
Struktura tam st\u00e1le je. Je to v osnov\u00e1ch. Je to na zkou\u0161ku. Je to na t\u0159\u00eddn\u00edch diskuz\u00edch. <\/p>\n
Bloom\u016fv vliv je nepopirateln\u00fd. Formoval americkou pedagogiku. On<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bloomova taxonomie zm\u011bnila zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm mluv\u00edme o vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Nevytvo\u0159ilo to jen m\u00f3dn\u00ed slovo. U\u010ditel\u016fm a student\u016fm to dalo spole\u010dn\u00fd jazyk k zamy\u0161len\u00ed nad t\u00edm, jak u\u010den\u00ed vlastn\u011b vypad\u00e1. Toto hnut\u00ed vedl Benjamin Bloom, americk\u00fd pedagogick\u00fd psycholog. S touto prac\u00ed za\u010dal v roce 1949. V roce 1956 on a t\u00fdm expert\u016f na hodnocen\u00ed publikovali sv\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"wpm_language_slugs":{"cs":"bloomova-taxonomie-jak-koncept-z-roku-1956-nadale-formuje-vzdelavaci","de":"blooms-taxonomie-wie-ein-rahmenwerk-von-1956-immer-noch-lernziele","en":"blooms-taxonomy-how-a-1956-framework-still-shapes-learning-goals","es":"taxonomia-de-bloom-como-un-marco-de-1956-todavia-da-forma-a-los","fr":"la-taxonomie-de-bloom-comment-un-cadre-de-1956-faconne-encore-les","id":"taksonomi-bloom-bagaimana-kerangka-kerja-1956-masih-membentuk-tujuan","it":"tassonomia-di-bloom-come-un-quadro-del-1956-modella-ancora-gli","nl":"de-taxonomie-van-bloom-hoe-een-raamwerk-uit-1956-nog-steeds-leerdoelen","pl":"taksonomia-blooma-jak-koncepcja-z-1956-r-w-dalszym-ciagu-ksztaltuje","pt":"taxonomia-de-bloom-como-uma-estrutura-de-1956-ainda-molda-as-metas","ru-ru":"taksonomija-bluma-kak-kontseptsija-1956-goda-prodolzhaet-formirovat","uk-ua":"taksonomija-bluma-jak-kontseptsija-1956-prodovzhuye-formuvati"},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8125"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8125"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8125\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8125"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8125"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8125"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}