{"id":8283,"date":"2026-09-18T04:05:21","date_gmt":"2026-09-18T01:05:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/kontroljujte-prjame-dopovnennja-vazhlivij-partner-diyeslova\/"},"modified":"2026-09-18T04:05:21","modified_gmt":"2026-09-18T01:05:21","slug":"kontroljujte-prjame-dopovnennja-vazhlivij-partner-diyeslova","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/ovladejte-primy-objekt-dulezity-partner-slovesa\/","title":{"rendered":"Ovl\u00e1dejte p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd objekt: d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd partner slovesa"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Psan\u00ed vy\u017eaduje palivo. Slovesa jsou motory, ale \u010dasto samy o sob\u011b nefunguj\u00ed. P\u0159idejte p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd objekt nebo <em>p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd dopln\u011bk<\/em>. Tato gramatick\u00e1 slo\u017eka d\u011bl\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e jen zdoben\u00ed v\u011bt. Poskytuje \u00faplnost my\u0161len\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p>Ve \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9 gramatice je p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm argumentem slovesa. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v\u011bty mus\u00ed b\u00fdt logick\u00e9. Bez n\u011bj z\u016fstanou va\u0161e p\u0159edstavy nejasn\u00e9. Zde se d\u00edv\u00e1me na to, co se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 <em>p\u0159echodn\u00e9 sloveso<\/em>. Jedn\u00e1 se o speci\u00e1ln\u00ed slovesa, kter\u00e1 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed akci ze strany adres\u00e1ta. <\/p>\n<p>Lingvist\u00e9 a u\u010ditel\u00e9 \u010dasto ozna\u010duj\u00ed tento prvek p\u0159i anal\u00fdze jako <strong>CD<\/strong> nebo <strong>OD<\/strong> (<em>objeto directo<\/em> &#8211; p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd objekt). Ale k tomu, abyste to pochopili, nepot\u0159ebujete u\u010debnici. Sta\u010d\u00ed si polo\u017eit ty spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky. <\/p>\n<h3>Jak naj\u00edt p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd objekt<\/h3>\n<p>\u0158ekn\u011bte jednoduchou v\u011btu: <em>Mar\u00eda encontr\u00f3 las llaves.<\/em> <\/p>\n<p>Kdo provedl tuto akci? Maria. Toto je p\u0159edm\u011bt.<br>\nCo na\u0161la? <\/p>\n<p>Kdy\u017e se zept\u00e1te na ot\u00e1zku &#8220;co?&#8221; za slovesem uvid\u00edte <strong>las llaves<\/strong>. Toto je v\u00e1\u0161 p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd dopln\u011bk. Zasahuje p\u0159\u00edmo. Omezuje nebo roz\u0161i\u0159uje d\u011bj slovesa. <em>Mar\u00eda encontr\u00f3<\/em> je ne\u00fapln\u00e1 v\u011bta bez <em>las llaves<\/em>. Nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, co se p\u0159esn\u011b stalo. <\/p>\n<p>Tato logika plat\u00ed pro t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny p\u0159echodov\u00e9 struktury. Dopl\u0148ky odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed na ot\u00e1zku \u201eco\u201c nebo \u201ekdo\u201c je p\u0159edm\u011btem akce. <\/p>\n<h3>Pro\u010d n\u011bkter\u00e1 slovesa vy\u017eaduj\u00ed objekt<\/h3>\n<p>Ne v\u0161echna slovesa takto funguj\u00ed. Nep\u0159echodn\u00e1 slovesa jsou nez\u00e1visl\u00e1. <em>J\u00e1 dorm\u00ed<\/em> (usnul jsem). Akce je dokon\u010dena. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd dopln\u011bk nenavozuje sp\u00e1nek. <\/p>\n<p>Ale zva\u017ete <em>pochlebovat se<\/em> (\u010d\u00edst). <em>Leo.<\/em> To se nezd\u00e1 spr\u00e1vn\u00e9. co jsem \u010detl? Sloveso <em>leer<\/em> je tranzitivn\u00ed. V podstat\u011b \u201etla\u010d\u00ed\u201c na p\u0159\u00edtomnost komplementu. Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Fr\u00e1ze <em>Yo leo el libro<\/em> toto o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed spl\u0148uje. <em>El libro<\/em> je p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd objekt. <\/p>\n<p>Pochopen\u00ed tohoto rozd\u00edlu v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee napsat siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kopii. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem nenech\u00e1te sv\u00e9 my\u0161lenky na holi\u010dk\u00e1ch. Dejte jasn\u011b najevo, kdo komu co ud\u011blal. <\/p>\n<h3>Praktick\u00e1 aplikace<\/h3>\n<p>Tato struktura se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1. V hovorov\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di. V akademick\u00e9m psan\u00ed. V pr\u00e1vn\u00edch dokumentech. <\/p>\n<p>Zva\u017ete sloveso <em>buscar<\/em> (hledat).<br>\n<em>Ahoj, busco empleo.<\/em><br>\nhled\u00e1\u0161. Ale co p\u0159esn\u011b? <em>Empleo<\/em> (pr\u00e1ce). To je c\u00edl. P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p>Pokud se vynech\u00e1 <em>empleo<\/em>, v\u011bta ztr\u00e1c\u00ed sv\u016fj konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed v\u00fdznam. Ano, hled\u00e1te, ale ztratili jste cestu. P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 objekty ud\u00e1vaj\u00ed tento sm\u011br. <\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 dopl\u0148ky nejsou voliteln\u00e9 \u201edekory\u201c. Povinn\u00fd argument pro p\u0159echodn\u00e1 slovesa. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Tento koncept je nezbytn\u00fd pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, kdo se u\u010d\u00ed \u0161pan\u011blskou gramatiku. Vysv\u011btluje, pro\u010d se n\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u011bty zdaj\u00ed b\u00fdt &#8220;p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00e9&#8221;, kdy\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 prvky chyb\u00ed. To je v\u00edc ne\u017e jen gramatick\u00e9 pravidlo. Jde o logickou konzistenci. <\/p>\n<p>Jakmile pozn\u00e1te sloveso, zeptejte se: \u201eKdo nebo co d\u011bl\u00e1 tuto akci? Odpov\u011b\u010f je v\u00e1\u0161 p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd objekt. Je to jednoduch\u00e9. Jakmile si to v\u0161ak osvoj\u00edte, z\u00edsk\u00e1te hlub\u0161\u00ed porozum\u011bn\u00ed tomu, jak myslet z hlediska jazykov\u00fdch struktur.<\/p>\n<p>Ale to nen\u00ed v\u0161echno. Kdy\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o z\u00e1jmena, pravidla se trochu zm\u011bn\u00ed. Pak naraz\u00edte na nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fd objekt, kter\u00fd v\u011bci \u00fapln\u011b zm\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Dokonce i zku\u0161en\u00ed studenti jazyk\u016f maj\u00ed \u010dasto pot\u00ed\u017ee s pochopen\u00edm rozd\u00edlu mezi p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdmi a nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fdmi p\u0159edm\u011bty. Nejde jen o to nau\u010dit se pravidla. Jde o to pochopit, jak sloveso interaguje se zbytkem vedlej\u0161\u00edch v\u011bt. Sloveso <em>encontrar<\/em> (naj\u00edt) je z\u0159ejm\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem. Je to p\u0159echodn\u00e9. Pot\u0159ebuje p\u0159edm\u011bt. Pokud jednodu\u0161e \u0159eknete \u201eMarie nalezena\u201c, v\u00fdznam z\u016fstane nevy\u0159e\u0161en\u00fd, ne\u00fapln\u00fd a matouc\u00ed. Mus\u00edte v\u011bd\u011bt, co p\u0159esn\u011b bylo nalezeno. <\/p>\n<p>Tato vlastnost p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch dopl\u0148k\u016f (<em>complemento directo<\/em> ) je flexibiln\u00ed. Nemus\u00ed to vypadat jako jedno podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no. M\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt r\u016fzn\u00e9 podoby. <\/p>\n<h2>P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 objektov\u00e9 formul\u00e1\u0159e<\/h2>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 objekty se mohou ve vedlej\u0161\u00edch v\u011bt\u00e1ch objevit r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby. Tato rozmanitost zt\u011b\u017euje jejich identifikaci. <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no<\/strong> : jednoduch\u00e9 slovo jako <em>pizza<\/em> (pizza). <\/li>\n<li><strong>Fr\u00e1ze podstatn\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na<\/strong> : roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 fr\u00e1ze jako <em>Pizza se s\u00fdrem nav\u00edc<\/em> (pizza se s\u00fdrem nav\u00edc). <\/li>\n<li><strong>P\u0159\u00edslove\u010dn\u00e9 klauzule<\/strong> : Kompletn\u00ed klauzule s p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00fdm jm\u00e9nem, \u200b\u200bkter\u00e1 funguje jako p\u0159edm\u011bt, nap\u0159\u00edklad <em>co \u010d\u00ed\u0161n\u00edk doporu\u010dil<\/em>. <\/li>\n<li><strong>Z\u00e1jmena<\/strong> : slova jako <em>lo, la, los, las<\/em> (a <em>me, te, se, nos, os<\/em> ). <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Chcete-li vid\u011bt tuto transformaci, zva\u017ete n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad.<br>\n&#8211; Sn\u011bdl <strong>pizzu<\/strong> (podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no).<br>\n&#8211; Sn\u011bdl <strong>pizzu s extra s\u00fdrem<\/strong> (nomin\u00e1ln\u00ed kombinace).<br>\n&#8211; Sn\u011bdl <strong>ten, co mu \u010d\u00ed\u0161n\u00edk doporu\u010dil<\/strong> (v\u011bta).<br>\n&#8211; Sn\u011bdl <strong>toto<\/strong> (z\u00e1jmeno). <\/p>\n<h3>Jak ur\u010dit p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd objekt<\/h3>\n<p>Existuj\u00ed dva spolehliv\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby, jak izolovat p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 objekty. M\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt <strong>z\u00e1m\u011bnu z\u00e1jmen<\/strong> nebo <strong>pasivn\u00ed konverzi<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<p>Zbavte se star\u00e9ho zvyku jednodu\u0161e se pt\u00e1t slovesa &#8220;Co?&#8221; nebo &#8220;Kdo?&#8221; P\u0159esto\u017ee je tato metoda \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na a je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed mnoha gramatick\u00fdch kurz\u016f, nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 spolehliv\u00e1. Pozd\u011bji vysv\u011btl\u00edm pro\u010d. <\/p>\n<h3>Z\u00e1m\u011bna z\u00e1jmen<\/h3>\n<p>Nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed test je nahradit mo\u017en\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt vhodn\u00fdm z\u00e1jmenem (<em>lo, la, los, las<\/em> ). Pohlav\u00ed a \u010d\u00edslo se mus\u00ed shodovat. <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Alfonso dokon\u010dil sv\u016fj <em>dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fakol<\/em> = Alfonso dokon\u010dil <strong>toto<\/strong> (<em>los<\/em> ). <\/li>\n<li>\u0158ekl, \u017ee nedostal <em>e-mail<\/em> = \u0158ekla, \u017ee nedostala <strong>to<\/strong> (<em>lo<\/em> ). <\/li>\n<li>\u0160el si koupit <em>TV<\/em> = \u0160el si koupit <strong>tohle<\/strong> (<em>la<\/em> ). <\/li>\n<li>Vid\u011bl <em>kolegy z univerzity<\/em> = Vid\u011bl <strong>je<\/strong> (<em>las<\/em> ). <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pokud vedlej\u0161\u00ed v\u011bta st\u00e1le d\u00e1v\u00e1 smysl a zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 si stejn\u00fd z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdznam i po z\u00e1m\u011bn\u011b, mo\u017en\u00e1 jste ur\u010dili p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt spr\u00e1vn\u011b. <\/p>\n<h3>P\u0159ev\u00e9st na pasivn\u00ed hlas<\/h3>\n<p>Tento p\u0159\u00edstup je spolehliv\u00fd. Kdy\u017e p\u0159evedete vedlej\u0161\u00ed v\u011btu na trpn\u00fd rod, z p\u016fvodn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho p\u0159edm\u011btu se stane gramatick\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt. <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Otev\u0159el <em>z\u00e1suvku sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b<\/em> = <em>Z\u00e1suvka sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b<\/em> byla otev\u0159en\u00e1. <\/li>\n<li>Sledoval <em>sv\u016fj posledn\u00ed film<\/em> = <em>Byl sledov\u00e1n jeho posledn\u00ed film<\/em>. <\/li>\n<li>Va\u0159il <em>brambory s om\u00e1\u010dkou<\/em> = <em>Brambory s om\u00e1\u010dkou<\/em> byly va\u0159en\u00e9. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pokud se entita m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t p\u0159edm\u011btem pasivn\u00ed konstrukce, je p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm objektem v aktivn\u00edm hlase. <\/p>\n<h3>Pro\u010d je slovesn\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka nespolehliv\u00e1?<\/h3>\n<p>Neptejte se na sloveso &#8220;\u00bfqu\u00e9?&#8221; (Co?). Zd\u00e1 se to logick\u00e9. To se zd\u00e1 spr\u00e1vn\u00e9. To se ale \u010dasto neda\u0159\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p>Zva\u017ete nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed vedlej\u0161\u00ed v\u011btu: <em>\u00a1 Me encantan las Pel\u00edculas de aventuras!<\/em> (M\u00e1m r\u00e1d dobrodru\u017en\u00e9 filmy!).<\/p>\n<p>Pokud se zept\u00e1te: \u201eJak\u00e9 jsou m\u00e9 obl\u00edben\u00e9?\u201c, odpov\u011bd\u00ed by byly <em>dobrodru\u017en\u00e9 filmy<\/em>. Mnoho lid\u00ed to klasifikuje jako p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd objekt. To je \u0161patn\u011b. <em>Dobrodru\u017en\u00e9 filmy<\/em> jsou <strong>t\u00e9ma<\/strong> t\u00e9to vedlej\u0161\u00ed v\u011bty. Sloveso <em>encantar<\/em> (doslova znamen\u00e1 \u201em\u00edt r\u00e1d\u201c) se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jinak ne\u017e v angli\u010dtin\u011b. M\u00e1 podobnou strukturu jako fr\u00e1ze \u201eDobrodru\u017en\u00e9 filmy m\u011b d\u011blaj\u00ed \u0161\u0165astn\u00fdm\u201c. <\/p>\n<p>Tradi\u010dn\u00ed gramatick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly \u010dasto podporuj\u00ed tento probl\u00e9mov\u00fd heuristick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k v\u00fduce, proto\u017ee je jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed u\u010dit. Ale to nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd vztah k syntaktick\u00e9 realit\u011b. Dr\u017ete se substituc\u00ed z\u00e1jmen nebo p\u0159evodu na trpn\u00fd rod. <\/p>\n<h2>P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 a nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 objekty<\/h2>\n<p>V\u011bt\u0161ina chyb se d\u011bl\u00e1 p\u0159i rozli\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi t\u011bmito dv\u011bma pojmy. <\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edm\u00fd objekt<\/strong> p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 akci. Ve v\u011bt\u011b <em>Juan kupuje ml\u00e9ko<\/em> ml\u00e9ko dost\u00e1v\u00e1 akci n\u00e1kupu. Na tom se akce prov\u00e1d\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdhodu nebo \u0161kodu vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed z \u010dinnosti. V Juan kupuje ml\u00e9ko pro farm\u00e1\u0159e maj\u00ed farm\u00e1\u0159i prosp\u011bch. Je p\u0159\u00edjemcem. Nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty lze nahradit z\u00e1jmeny <em>le, les, me, te, se, nos, os<\/em>. <\/p>\n<p>Kdy\u017e je rozd\u00edl rozmazan\u00fd, vznik\u00e1 zmatek. <\/p>\n<p><em>Pozdravil sv\u00e9 kolegy.<\/em> <\/p>\n<p>Je to \u201epozdravil je<em>\u201c (p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt) nebo \u201epozdravil je<\/em> \u201c (nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt)? V z\u00e1vislosti na dialektu mohou b\u00fdt \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e1 z\u00e1jmena podobn\u00e1 (ley\u00edsmo vs lo\u00edsmo), ale struktur\u00e1ln\u011b testy odhal\u00ed pravdu. <\/p>\n<p>Pou\u017eijte test pasivn\u00edho hlasu.<br>\n* Jeho kolegov\u00e9 byli p\u0159iv\u00edt\u00e1ni. *<\/p>\n<p>\u201eJeho kolegov\u00e9\u201c je subjekt v trpn\u00e9m rod\u011b, je to tedy \u201ep\u0159\u00edm\u00fd objekt\u201c. Nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edr\u016fstky takov\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b odol\u00e1vaj\u00ed. <\/p>\n<h2>P\u0159\u00edklady vedlej\u0161\u00edch v\u011bt s p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdmi objekty<\/h2>\n<p>Zde je konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad. P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 dopl\u0148ky jsou vyzna\u010deny tu\u010dn\u011b. <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Vzali <strong>rim<\/strong> na policejn\u00ed stanici. <\/li>\n<li>Koupili si <strong>ta\u0161ku<\/strong> z nov\u00e9ho obchodu. <\/li>\n<li>\u0158ekl <strong>necho\u010f dom\u016f pozd\u011b<\/strong>. <\/li>\n<li>U\u017e jste su\u0161ili sv\u00e9 <strong>pr\u00e1dlo<\/strong>? <\/li>\n<li>Zavolejte <strong>j\u00ed<\/strong> co nejd\u0159\u00edve. <\/li>\n<li>Koupil si <strong>oble\u010den\u00ed<\/strong> na internetu. <\/li>\n<li>Vid\u011bl jsi <strong>tu lo\u010f<\/strong>? <strong>Ko\u0161\u00edk<\/strong>. <\/li>\n<li>Chce\u0161 j\u00edt dnes odpoledne na <strong>fotbalov\u00fd z\u00e1pas<\/strong>? <\/li>\n<li>Jedl 100% italsk\u00e9 <strong>t\u011bstoviny<\/strong>. <\/li>\n<li>Kolem parku vys\u00e1zeli <strong>spoustu r\u016f\u017eov\u00fdch ke\u0159\u016f<\/strong>. <\/li>\n<li>Nepou\u017e\u00edvejte tento v\u00fdrobek k \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed <strong>oken<\/strong>. <\/li>\n<li>K narozenin\u00e1m mi dali <strong>kravatu<\/strong>. <\/li>\n<li>Kdy\u017e nep\u0159ijde\u0161, nev\u00ed\u0161, o co p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed\u0161. <\/li>\n<li>D\u016fkladn\u011b zal\u00e9vejte, abyste zajistili siln\u00fd r\u016fst. (<strong>Las<\/strong> ozna\u010duje kv\u011btiny\/rostliny uveden\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161e). <\/li>\n<li>Splnili jste <strong>test z matematiky<\/strong>? <\/li>\n<li>Vzali <strong>ko\u010dku<\/strong> k veterin\u00e1\u0159i. <\/li>\n<li>M\u016f\u017eete mi pomoci vym\u011bnit <strong>pneumatiku<\/strong> na m\u00e9m kole? <\/li>\n<li><strong>Jste<\/strong> (my) pozv\u00e1ni na p\u00e1rty? (<em>Nejste pozv\u00e1ni&#8230;?<\/em> )<\/li>\n<li><strong>p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek<\/strong> u\u010dinil v\u010das. <\/li>\n<li>Spadl z kola a zlomil si <strong>ruku<\/strong>. <\/li>\n<li>Nezapome\u0148 si zav\u00e1zat <strong>tkani\u010dky<\/strong>, jinak spadne\u0161! <\/li>\n<li>Ned\u00e1vejte <strong>p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho d\u00e1rk\u016f<\/strong>. Jinak si zvykne. <\/li>\n<li>Na\u0161el na ulici <strong>pen\u011b\u017eenku<\/strong>. <\/li>\n<li>Toto pero je moje, vra\u0165 ho. <\/li>\n<li>Vlk napadl ovci v ov\u010dinci. <\/li>\n<li><strong>Pr\u00e1t<\/strong> ve studen\u00e9 vod\u011b, aby se nesrazilo. <\/li>\n<li>Ne\u010detl e-maily, kter\u00e9 mu poslali. <\/li>\n<li>Elena si v\u010dera ve\u010der sbalila <strong>kufr<\/strong>. <\/li>\n<li>P\u0159estali <strong>fungovat<\/strong> kv\u016fli poru\u0161en\u00ed licence.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Tyto modely jsou spr\u00e1vn\u00e9. Pokud si nejste jisti, zkuste pasivn\u00ed hlasov\u00fd test. M\u00e1lokdy se m\u00fdl\u00edm. Jazyk nen\u00ed jen intuice, je to syst\u00e9m pravidel. Jakmile si osvoj\u00edte z\u00e1m\u011bny z\u00e1jmen, p\u0159echod na trpn\u00fd rod se stane p\u0159irozenost\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p>V\u017edy existuj\u00ed nuance. <em>Le\u00edsmo<\/em> komplikuje situaci ve \u0160pan\u011blsku. <em>Lo\u00edsmo<\/em> m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit bolesti hlavy v jin\u00fdch oblastech. Struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1klad v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nezm\u011bn\u011bn. Objekt p\u0159ijme akci. P\u0159\u00edjemce obdr\u017e\u00ed v\u00fdsledky. Pokra\u010dujte v procvi\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto test\u016f. Nakonec najdete svou pevnou p\u016fdu pod nohama.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Psan\u00ed vy\u017eaduje palivo. Slovesa jsou motory, ale \u010dasto samy o sob\u011b nefunguj\u00ed. P\u0159idejte p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd objekt nebo p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd dopln\u011bk. Tato gramatick\u00e1 slo\u017eka d\u011bl\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e jen zdoben\u00ed v\u011bt. Poskytuje \u00faplnost my\u0161len\u00ed. Ve \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9 gramatice je p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm argumentem slovesa. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v\u011bty mus\u00ed b\u00fdt logick\u00e9. Bez n\u011bj z\u016fstanou va\u0161e p\u0159edstavy nejasn\u00e9. Zde se d\u00edv\u00e1me [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8282,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"wpm_language_slugs":{"cs":"ovladejte-primy-objekt-dulezity-partner-slovesa","de":"kontrolliere-das-direkte-objekt-den-wichtigen-partner-des-verbs","en":"control-the-direct-object-the-important-partner-of-the-verb","es":"controlar-el-objeto-directo-el-companero-importante-del-verbo","fr":"controler-lobjet-direct-le-partenaire-important-du-verbe","id":"kontrol-objek-langsung-mitra-penting-dari-kata-kerja","it":"controlla-loggetto-diretto-il-partner-importante-del-verbo","nl":"beheers-het-lijdend-voorwerp-de-belangrijke-partner-van-het-werkwoord","pl":"kontroluj-dopelnienie-bezposrednie-wazny-partner-czasownika","pt":"controle-o-objeto-direto-o-parceiro-importante-do-verbo","ru-ru":"kontrolirujte-prjamoe-dopolnenie-vazhnyj-partner-glagola","uk-ua":"kontroljujte-prjame-dopovnennja-vazhlivij-partner-diyeslova"},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8283"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8283"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8283\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8282"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8283"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8283"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schooler.org.ua\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8283"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}